योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-107, verse-4

पुनः प्रसूता सा वर्षैस्त्रिभिः पुत्रमशोभनम् ।
अनर्थमिव दुर्बुद्धिराशापाशविधायकम् ॥ ४ ॥

punaḥ prasūtā sā varṣaistribhiḥ putramaśobhanam ,
anarthamiva durbuddhirāśāpāśavidhāyakam 4

4. punaḥ prasūtā sā varṣaiḥ tribhiḥ putram aśobhanam
anartham iva durbuddhiḥ āśāpāśavidhāyakam

4. sā punaḥ tribhiḥ varṣaiḥ aśobhanam anartham
iva durbuddhiḥ āśāpāśavidhāyakam putram prasūtā

4. After three years, she again gave birth to an inauspicious son, who was like a calamity (anartha) and a foolish mind (durbuddhi) that creates the bonds of desire (āśā-pāśa).

Words meanings summery:

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

• प्रसूता (prasūtā) - (She) gave birth (given birth, delivered, born)

• सा (sā) - she (she, that (feminine singular))

• वर्षैः (varṣaiḥ) - after years (by years, with years)

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three (years) (by three, with three)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son (son, child)

• अशोभनम् (aśobhanam) - inauspicious (inauspicious, unsightly, ugly, unfortunate)

• अनर्थम् (anartham) - calamity (calamity, misfortune, evil, useless thing)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• दुर्बुद्धिः (durbuddhiḥ) - foolish mind (used here as a simile for the son's nature) (foolish mind, ill-intentioned mind, foolishness, a foolish person)

• आशापाशविधायकम् (āśāpāśavidhāyakam) - creating the bonds of desire (creating snares of hope, forming bonds of desire)

Words meanings and morphology

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

प्रसूता (prasūtā) - (She) gave birth (given birth, delivered, born)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prasūta

prasūta - born, produced, delivered, brought forth

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'pra-' + '√sū' (to give birth, produce)

Prefix: pra

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Used actively in context of 'she gave birth'.

सा (sā) - she (she, that (feminine singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

वर्षैः (varṣaiḥ) - after years (by years, with years)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain, monsoon

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Often used in the sense of 'after X years' or 'for X years' when in instrumental.

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three (years) (by three, with three)

(numeral)

Note: Agreeing with 'varṣaiḥ'.

पुत्रम् (putram) - son (son, child)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

अशोभनम् (aśobhanam) - inauspicious (inauspicious, unsightly, ugly, unfortunate)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aśobhana

aśobhana - not beautiful, ugly, inauspicious, unfortunate

'a-' (negation) + 'śobhana' (beautiful, auspicious).

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpurusha (a+śobhana)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• śobhana – beautiful, auspicious, good, shining
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From √śubh (to shine, be beautiful)
  Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Agreeing with 'putram'.

अनर्थम् (anartham) - calamity (calamity, misfortune, evil, useless thing)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anartha

anartha - misfortune, calamity, evil, useless, meaningless

'a-' (negation) + 'artha' (meaning, purpose, wealth, thing).

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpurusha (a+artha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth, thing
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agreeing with 'putram'.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

दुर्बुद्धिः (durbuddhiḥ) - foolish mind (used here as a simile for the son's nature) (foolish mind, ill-intentioned mind, foolishness, a foolish person)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of durbuddhi

durbuddhi - bad intellect, foolish mind, ill-will, foolishness, a foolish person

Compound of 'dur' (bad) + 'buddhi' (intellect).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (dur+buddhi)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating badness or difficulty
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, mind, reason
  noun (feminine)
  From √budh (to know, understand)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Grammatically nominative, but functions here in a simile (implicitly 'iva durbuddhiḥ').

आशापाशविधायकम् (āśāpāśavidhāyakam) - creating the bonds of desire (creating snares of hope, forming bonds of desire)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśāpāśavidhāyaka

āśāpāśavidhāyaka - one who creates snares of hope, one who forms bonds of desire

Compound of 'āśā' (hope/desire), 'pāśa' (snare/bond), and 'vidhāyaka' (creator/ordainer).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (āśā+pāśa+vidhāyaka)

• āśā – hope, desire, expectation
  noun (feminine)
• pāśa – snare, trap, bond, fetter
  noun (masculine)
• vidhāyaka – creator, ordainer, causing, effecting
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'vi-' + '√dhā' (to place, make) + suffix 'aka'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agreeing with 'putram'.