योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-107, verse-39

अङ्गीकृतं निदाघान्ते नभसेवासिताम्बुदः ।
विकासिन्यो क्षताः क्षारा दूरं परिहृता जनैः ॥ ३९ ॥

aṅgīkṛtaṃ nidāghānte nabhasevāsitāmbudaḥ ,
vikāsinyo kṣatāḥ kṣārā dūraṃ parihṛtā janaiḥ 39

39. aṅgīkṛtam nidāghānte nabhasā iva asitāmbudaḥ
vikāsinyaḥ kṣatāḥ kṣārā dūram parihṛtā janaiḥ

39. nidāghānte nabhasā iva asitāmbudaḥ aṅgīkṛtam
janaiḥ vikāsinyaḥ kṣatāḥ kṣārā dūram parihṛtā

39. Just as dark clouds are welcomed by the sky at the end of summer, so too, the expanding, damaged, corrosive impurities were removed far away by people.

Words meanings summery:

• अङ्गीकृतम् (aṅgīkṛtam) - accepted, assumed, taken up

• निदाघान्ते (nidāghānte) - at the end of summer

• नभसा (nabhasā) - by the sky, by the atmosphere

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• असिताम्बुदः (asitāmbudaḥ) - dark cloud

• विकासिन्यः (vikāsinyaḥ) - expanding, developing, blooming, growing

• क्षताः (kṣatāḥ) - damaged, injured, wasted, corrupted

• क्षारा (kṣārā) - impure, corrupt, or harmful elements (corrosive, caustic, alkaline; (metaphorically) harsh, bitter, impure things)

• दूरम् (dūram) - far, far away, to a distance

• परिहृता (parihṛtā) - removed, discarded, abandoned, avoided

• जनैः (janaiḥ) - by people, by mankind

Words meanings and morphology

अङ्गीकृतम् (aṅgīkṛtam) - accepted, assumed, taken up

(participle)

neuter, singular of aṅgīkṛta

aṅgīkṛta - accepted, agreed upon, assumed, engaged in

Past Passive Participle

From aṅgī-√kṛ (to accept, agree). aṅgī is not a standard upasarga, but part of a denominative or compound verb construction.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as an impersonal passive predicate, 'it was accepted'.

निदाघान्ते (nidāghānte) - at the end of summer

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nidāghānta

nidāghānta - end of summer, end of the hot season

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nidāgha+anta)

• nidāgha – summer heat, hot season
  noun (masculine)
  From ni-√dah (to burn).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: dah (class 1)
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

नभसा (nabhasā) - by the sky, by the atmosphere

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nabhas

nabhas - sky, atmosphere, cloud, ether

Note: Agent in the passive construction of the simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

असिताम्बुदः (asitāmbudaḥ) - dark cloud

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asitāmbuda

asitāmbuda - dark cloud (literally, 'dark water-giver')

Compound type : karmadhāraya (asita+ambuda)

• asita – dark, black, not white
  adjective
  From a (not) + sita (white).
• ambuda – cloud (literally, 'water-giver')
  noun (masculine)
  Formed from ambu (water) and da (giver, from √dā to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject of the implied verb in the simile part.

विकासिन्यः (vikāsinyaḥ) - expanding, developing, blooming, growing

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vikāsin

vikāsin - expanding, developing, blooming, opening, shining

Present Active Participle suffix -in

From vi-√kās (to open, expand).

Prefix: vi

Root: kās (class 1)

Note: Agrees with kṣatāḥ and kṣārā.

क्षताः (kṣatāḥ) - damaged, injured, wasted, corrupted

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kṣata

kṣata - injured, wounded, damaged, destroyed, corrupted

Past Passive Participle

From √kṣaṇ (to injure, wound, damage).

Root: kṣaṇ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with vikāsinyaḥ and kṣārā.

क्षारा (kṣārā) - impure, corrupt, or harmful elements (corrosive, caustic, alkaline; (metaphorically) harsh, bitter, impure things)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kṣāra

kṣāra - corrosive, caustic, saline, alkaline; salt, alkali, ashes; impurity, vice

From √kṣar (to flow, melt).

Root: kṣar (class 1)

Note: Refers to impurities or undesirable elements. Grammatically implies visarga (kṣārāḥ) to agree with vikāsinyaḥ and kṣatāḥ.

दूरम् (dūram) - far, far away, to a distance

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb specifying distance.

परिहृता (parihṛtā) - removed, discarded, abandoned, avoided

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, plural of parihṛta

parihṛta - removed, abandoned, discarded, avoided, neglected

Past Passive Participle

From pari-√hṛ (to cast off, remove, avoid).

Prefix: pari

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as the main predicate with an implied 'were'. Grammatically implies visarga (parihṛtāḥ).

जनैः (janaiḥ) - by people, by mankind

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature

From √jan (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agent in the passive construction.