योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-107, verse-27

पुत्रदाराः कदन्नेन ग्रामकान्धोचितेन च ।
धारासाररणत्पत्रशुष्कतालतले निशाः ॥ २७ ॥

putradārāḥ kadannena grāmakāndhocitena ca ,
dhārāsāraraṇatpatraśuṣkatālatale niśāḥ 27

27. putradārāḥ kadannena grāmakāndhocinena ca
dhārāsāraraṇatpatraśuṣkatālatale niśāḥ

27. putradārāḥ kadannena grāmakāndhocinena ca
dhārāsāraraṇatpatraśuṣkatālatale niśāḥ (āsīt)

27. My sons and wives subsisted on meager food, fit for a blind villager. The nights passed under a dry palm tree, its leaves rattling from the heavy rain.

27. אשתי וילדיי ניזונו מאוכל דל ועלוב שמתאים לעניי הכפר, והעברנו את הלילות תחת עלי תמר יבשים המרשרשים מגשם זלעפות.

Words meanings summery:

• पुत्रदाराः (putradārāḥ) - my sons and wives (who subsisted) (sons and wives, family)

• कदन्नेन (kadannena) - with meager food (implying poor quality and insufficient quantity) (with bad food, with unwholesome food, with meager food)

• ग्रामकान्धोचिनेन (grāmakāndhocinena) - suitable for a blind villager (implying extremely poor quality, not fit for normal people) (suitable for a blind villager, appropriate for a poor and blind person from a village)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• धारासाररणत्पत्रशुष्कतालतले (dhārāsāraraṇatpatraśuṣkatālatale) - at the base of a dry palm tree whose leaves rattled from the heavy rain (at the base of a dry palm tree with leaves rattling from a heavy rain, in the shelter of such a tree)

• निशाः (niśāḥ) - the nights (that were spent) (nights)

Words meanings and morphology

पुत्रदाराः (putradārāḥ) - my sons and wives (who subsisted) (sons and wives, family)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putradāra

putradāra - sons and wives, family

Compound type : dvandva (putra+dāra)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• dāra – wife (often plural, but used singularly), spouse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Implies the presence and condition of the speaker's family during the hardships, likely as the implicit subject of a verb like 'lived' or 'subsisted'.

कदन्नेन (kadannena) - with meager food (implying poor quality and insufficient quantity) (with bad food, with unwholesome food, with meager food)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kadanna

kadanna - bad food, poor food, unwholesome food

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kad+anna)

• kad – bad, evil, little (pejorative prefix)
  indeclinable
• anna – food, cooked rice, grain
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from the root 'ad' (to eat).
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Describes the means of subsistence for the family.

ग्रामकान्धोचिनेन (grāmakāndhocinena) - suitable for a blind villager (implying extremely poor quality, not fit for normal people) (suitable for a blind villager, appropriate for a poor and blind person from a village)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of grāmakāndhocita

grāmakāndhocita - suitable for a blind villager

A descriptive compound of 'grāmaka' (villager, often pejorative), 'andha' (blind), and 'ucita' (suitable).

Compound type : tatpurusha (grāmaka+andha+ucita)

• grāmaka – villager (often derogatory), rustic
  noun (masculine)
• andha – blind
  adjective
• ucita – suitable, proper, fit, customary
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √vac (to speak), literally 'what is spoken of as fit/proper'.
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `kadannena` in gender, number, and case.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

धारासाररणत्पत्रशुष्कतालतले (dhārāsāraraṇatpatraśuṣkatālatale) - at the base of a dry palm tree whose leaves rattled from the heavy rain (at the base of a dry palm tree with leaves rattling from a heavy rain, in the shelter of such a tree)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dhārāsāraraṇatpatraśuṣkatālatala

dhārāsāraraṇatpatraśuṣkatālatala - base of a dry palm tree with leaves rattling from a heavy rain

A long descriptive compound (tatpurusha variant) detailing the location. 'dhārāsāra' (torrential rain), 'raṇat' (rattling), 'patra' (leaves), 'śuṣka' (dry), 'tāla' (palm tree), 'tala' (base).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhārāsāra+raṇat+patra+śuṣka+tāla+tala)

• dhārāsāra – torrent of rain, heavy downpour
  noun (masculine)
• raṇat – rattling, clanging, sounding
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  From √raṇ (to sound, to clang, to rattle).
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• patra – leaf, feather
  noun (neuter)
• śuṣka – dry, withered, parched
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √śuṣ (to dry).
  Root: śuṣ (class 4)
• tāla – palm tree (especially Borassus flabellifer)
  noun (masculine)
• tala – base, bottom, surface, sole
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates the location where the nights were spent.

निशाः (niśāḥ) - the nights (that were spent) (nights)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of niśā

niśā - night

Note: The grammatical subject of the verb `nītā` in the following verse, describing the duration of the hardship.

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