योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-14, verse-50

कोऽहं कथमयं दोषः संसाराख्य उपागतः ।
न्यायेनेति परामर्शो विचार इति कथ्यते ॥ ५० ॥

ko'haṃ kathamayaṃ doṣaḥ saṃsārākhya upāgataḥ ,
nyāyeneti parāmarśo vicāra iti kathyate 50

50. kaḥ aham katham ayam doṣaḥ saṃsārākhyaḥ upāgataḥ
nyāyena iti parāmarśaḥ vicāraḥ iti kathyate

50. "kaḥ aham? ayam saṃsārākhyaḥ doṣaḥ katham upāgataḥ?" iti nyāyena parāmarśaḥ vicāraḥ iti kathyate.

50. "Who am I? How has this flaw, known as the cycle of rebirth (saṃsāra), come about?" Such a logical deliberation (nyāya) is called discrimination (vicāra).

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• अहम् (aham) - I

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

• दोषः (doṣaḥ) - fault, defect, flaw, vice

• संसाराख्यः (saṁsārākhyaḥ) - called saṃsāra, known as saṃsāra

• उपागतः (upāgataḥ) - come, arrived, arisen, obtained

• न्यायेन (nyāyena) - by reasoning, logically, rightly

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotative particle)

• परामर्शः (parāmarśaḥ) - deliberation, reflection, investigation

• विचारः (vicāraḥ) - discrimination, inquiry

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotative particle)

• कथ्यते (kathyate) - is called, is said

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

दोषः (doṣaḥ) - fault, defect, flaw, vice

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, flaw, vice, error

Root: duṣ (class 4)

संसाराख्यः (saṁsārākhyaḥ) - called saṃsāra, known as saṃsāra

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃsārākhya

saṁsārākhya - known as saṃsāra, called saṃsāra, having the name saṃsāra

Compound of 'saṃsāra' (cycle of existence) and 'ākhya' (called, named).

Compound type : tatpurusha (saṃsāra+ākhya)

• saṃsāra – cycle of birth and death, transmigration, worldly existence
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• ākhya – named, called, known as
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'khyā' (to tell, narrate) with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: khyā (class 2)

उपागतः (upāgataḥ) - come, arrived, arisen, obtained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upāgata

upāgata - come, arrived, approached, arisen, obtained

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'gam' (to go) with prefixes 'upa' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

न्यायेन (nyāyena) - by reasoning, logically, rightly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nyāya

nyāya - logical method, rule, system, argument, justice, reasoning

Prefix: ni

Root: i (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotative particle)

(indeclinable)

परामर्शः (parāmarśaḥ) - deliberation, reflection, investigation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parāmarśa

parāmarśa - deliberation, reflection, investigation, consideration

Prefixes: parā+mṛś

Root: mṛś (class 6)

विचारः (vicāraḥ) - discrimination, inquiry

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicāra

vicāra - inquiry, discrimination, investigation, reflection, thought

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotative particle)

(indeclinable)

कथ्यते (kathyate) - is called, is said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kath

Root: kath (class 10)