योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-14, verse-23

परमार्थपताकाया धियो धवलचामरम् ।
विचारो राजते जन्तो रजन्यामिव चन्द्रमाः ॥ २३ ॥

paramārthapatākāyā dhiyo dhavalacāmaram ,
vicāro rājate janto rajanyāmiva candramāḥ 23

23. paramārthapatākāyāḥ dhiyaḥ dhavalacāmaram |
vicāraḥ rājate jantoḥ rajanyām iva candramāḥ ||

23. jantoḥ vicāraḥ rajanyām candramāḥ iva rājate
paramārthapatākāyāḥ dhiyaḥ dhavalacāmaram

23. For an individual, inquiry (vicāra) shines forth like the moon in the night. It is the white ceremonial whisk (dhavalacāmara) of the intellect (dhī), which functions as the banner of ultimate reality (paramārtha).

Words meanings summery:

• परमार्थपताकायाः (paramārthapatākāyāḥ) - of the banner of ultimate reality

• धियः (dhiyaḥ) - of the intellect, of the understanding

• धवलचामरम् (dhavalacāmaram) - white ceremonial whisk (white whisk, white fly-whisk)

• विचारः (vicāraḥ) - proper inquiry or discrimination (inquiry, discrimination, thought, reflection)

• राजते (rājate) - shines, appears splendid, is distinguished

• जन्तोः (jantoḥ) - for an individual (of a living being, of a creature, of a person)

• रजन्याम् (rajanyām) - in the night

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• चन्द्रमाः (candramāḥ) - the moon

Words meanings and morphology

परमार्थपताकायाः (paramārthapatākāyāḥ) - of the banner of ultimate reality

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of paramārthapatākā

paramārthapatākā - banner of ultimate reality, flag of supreme truth

Compound type : tatpurusha (paramārtha+patākā)

• paramārtha – ultimate reality, supreme purpose, highest truth
  noun (masculine)
• patākā – banner, flag, standard
  noun (feminine)

धियः (dhiyaḥ) - of the intellect, of the understanding

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of dhī

dhī - intellect, understanding, thought, wisdom

From root √dhyai (to think, meditate)

Root: dhyai (class 1)

धवलचामरम् (dhavalacāmaram) - white ceremonial whisk (white whisk, white fly-whisk)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhavalacāmara

dhavalacāmara - white whisk, a royal insignia

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dhavala+cāmara)

• dhavala – white, pure, clean
  adjective
• cāmara – whisk, fly-whisk (often made of yak's tail hair), a royal emblem
  noun (neuter)

Note: Serves as a predicate.

विचारः (vicāraḥ) - proper inquiry or discrimination (inquiry, discrimination, thought, reflection)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicāra

vicāra - inquiry, deliberation, discrimination, reflection, investigation

From √car with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb rājate.

राजते (rājate) - shines, appears splendid, is distinguished

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of rāj

Root: rāj (class 1)

जन्तोः (jantoḥ) - for an individual (of a living being, of a creature, of a person)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - living being, creature, man, person

From root √jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

रजन्याम् (rajanyām) - in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rajanī

rajanī - night

From rajan + ī suffix.

Root: rañj (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

चन्द्रमाः (candramāḥ) - the moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of candramas

candramas - moon

as-stem noun.

Root: cand (class 1)