योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-14, verse-17

विचारविकला यस्य मतिर्मान्द्यमुपेयुषः ।
तस्योदेत्यशनिश्चन्द्रान्मुधा यक्षः शिशोरिव ॥ १७ ॥

vicāravikalā yasya matirmāndyamupeyuṣaḥ ,
tasyodetyaśaniścandrānmudhā yakṣaḥ śiśoriva 17

17. vicāra-vikalā yasya matiḥ māndyam upeyuṣaḥ tasya
udeti aśaniḥ candrāt mudhā yakṣaḥ śiśoḥ iva

17. yasya vicāra-vikalā matiḥ māndyam upeyuṣaḥ tasya
śiśoḥ candrāt mudhā yakṣaḥ iva aśaniḥ udeti

17. For the person whose intellect (mati) is lacking in discriminative thought (vicāra) and has succumbed to dullness, a calamity (aśani) arises, which is as paradoxical as a thunderbolt from the moon, and as vain as a child's imaginary yakṣa (spirit).

Words meanings summery:

• विचार-विकला (vicāra-vikalā) - lacking discernment, devoid of reflection

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• मतिः (matiḥ) - intellect, mind, understanding

• मान्द्यम् (māndyam) - dullness, slowness, feebleness

• उपेयुषः (upeyuṣaḥ) - having succumbed to (dullness) (having attained, having reached, having approached)

• तस्य (tasya) - for him, his, of him

• उदेति (udeti) - arises, comes forth, ascends

• अशनिः (aśaniḥ) - calamity (thunderbolt, calamity, lightning)

• चन्द्रात् (candrāt) - from the moon

• मुधा (mudhā) - vain, imaginary, futile (in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly, idly)

• यक्षः (yakṣaḥ) - an imaginary yakṣa (spirit) (a yakṣa (a nature spirit, demigod), a sprite)

• शिशोः (śiśoḥ) - of a child, for a child

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

विचार-विकला (vicāra-vikalā) - lacking discernment, devoid of reflection

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vicāra-vikala

vicāra-vikala - lacking discernment, devoid of reflection

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vicāra+vikala)

• vicāra – discernment, reflection, deliberation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root car with upasarga vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: car (class 1)
• vikala – deficient, incomplete, impaired, wanting
  adjective
  Compound with vi (privative) and kala (part, complete)
  Prefix: vi

Note: Adjective modifying 'matiḥ'.

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to the person described by the adjectives 'vicāra-vikalā' and 'māndyam upeyuṣaḥ'.

मतिः (matiḥ) - intellect, mind, understanding

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - mind, intellect, thought, understanding

Derived from root man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of the descriptive phrase.

मान्द्यम् (māndyam) - dullness, slowness, feebleness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māndya

māndya - dullness, slowness, feebleness, languor

Derived from manda (dull, slow)

Note: Object of 'upeyuṣaḥ'.

उपेयुषः (upeyuṣaḥ) - having succumbed to (dullness) (having attained, having reached, having approached)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of upeyuṣ

upeyuṣ - having attained, having reached, having approached

Past Active Participle (Perfect Participle)

Perfect Active Participle of √i (to go) with upasarga upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'yasya'.

तस्य (tasya) - for him, his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Corresponds to 'yasya', referring to the same person.

उदेति (udeti) - arises, comes forth, ascends

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of ude

present active

3rd person singular, present tense, active voice, P-root

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

अशनिः (aśaniḥ) - calamity (thunderbolt, calamity, lightning)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśani

aśani - thunderbolt, lightning, calamity

Note: Subject of 'udeti'.

चन्द्रात् (candrāt) - from the moon

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of candra

candra - moon, luminous, shining

Note: Indicates the source from which the 'aśaniḥ' arises in the paradoxical simile.

मुधा (mudhā) - vain, imaginary, futile (in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly, idly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'yakṣaḥ' or the overall action.

यक्षः (yakṣaḥ) - an imaginary yakṣa (spirit) (a yakṣa (a nature spirit, demigod), a sprite)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yakṣa

yakṣa - a class of benevolent (sometimes mischievous) nature spirits, a demigod

Note: Part of the simile.

शिशोः (śiśoḥ) - of a child, for a child

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śiśu

śiśu - child, infant, young animal

Note: Possessive, referring to whose 'yakṣa' it is.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks a simile.