योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-14, verse-48

नित्यं विचारयुक्तेन भवितव्यं महात्मना ।
तथान्धकूपे पततां विचारो ह्यवलम्बनम् ॥ ४८ ॥

nityaṃ vicārayuktena bhavitavyaṃ mahātmanā ,
tathāndhakūpe patatāṃ vicāro hyavalambanam 48

48. nityam vicārayuktena bhavitavyam mahātmanā
tathā andhakūpe patatām vicāraḥ hi avalambanam

48. mahātmanā nityam vicārayuktena bhavitavyam.
tathā andhakūpe patatām hi vicāraḥ avalambanam.

48. A great soul (mahātman) should always be engaged in discrimination (vicāra). Indeed, discrimination (vicāra) is the sole support for those falling into a deep, blind well.

Words meanings summery:

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• विचारयुक्तेन (vicārayuktena) - endowed with discrimination/inquiry

• भवितव्यम् (bhavitavyam) - one should be, it is to be

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by a great soul (mahātman)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, just so

• अन्धकूपे (andhakūpe) - in a blind well, into a deep pit

• पतताम् (patatām) - of those falling

• विचारः (vicāraḥ) - discrimination, inquiry

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अवलम्बनम् (avalambanam) - support, reliance, refuge

Words meanings and morphology

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Adverbial accusative of neuter adjective.

विचारयुक्तेन (vicārayuktena) - endowed with discrimination/inquiry

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vicārayukta

vicārayukta - endowed with inquiry/discrimination, possessed of reflection

Compound of 'vicāra' (inquiry) and 'yukta' (joined, endowed with).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vicāra+yukta)

• vicāra – inquiry, discrimination, investigation, reflection, thought
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: car (class 1)
• yukta – joined, united, endowed with, engaged in
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: yuj (class 7)

भवितव्यम् (bhavitavyam) - one should be, it is to be

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhavitavya

bhavitavya - to be, to become (gerundive/future passive participle)

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

Formed from root 'bhū' (to be) with suffix -tavya.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used impersonally, indicating obligation or duty.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by a great soul (mahātman)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great soul, noble-minded person, the Supreme Self (ātman)

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'ātman' (self/soul).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, the individual soul or the universal Self
  noun (masculine)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, just so

(indeclinable)

अन्धकूपे (andhakūpe) - in a blind well, into a deep pit

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of andhakūpa

andhakūpa - blind well, deep pit, concealed well

Compound of 'andha' (blind, dark) and 'kūpa' (well, pit).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (andha+kūpa)

• andha – blind, dark, hidden
  adjective
• kūpa – well, pit, hole
  noun (masculine)

पतताम् (patatām) - of those falling

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of patat

patat - falling, dropping

Present Active Participle

Formed from root 'pat' (to fall) with suffix -at.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with an implied masculine or generic plural noun.

विचारः (vicāraḥ) - discrimination, inquiry

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicāra

vicāra - inquiry, discrimination, investigation, reflection, thought

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अवलम्बनम् (avalambanam) - support, reliance, refuge

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avalambana

avalambana - support, reliance, refuge, hanging down

Derived from the root 'lamb' (to hang, depend) with prefix 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: lamb (class 1)