वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-25, verse-48

तस्यास्तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा तथेत्याह मधुर्वचः ।
ददर्श राक्षसश्रेष्ठं यथान्यायमुपेत्य सः ॥४८॥

48. tasyāstadvacanaṃ śrutvā tathetyāha madhurvacaḥ ,
dadarśa rākṣasaśreṣṭhaṃ yathānyāyamupetya saḥ.

48. tasyāḥ tat vacanam śrutvā tathā iti āha madhuḥ vacaḥ
dadarśa rākṣasa-śreṣṭham yathā-nyāyam upetya saḥ

48. tasyāḥ tat vacanam śrutvā madhuḥ tathā iti vacaḥ
āha saḥ yathā-nyāyam upetya rākṣasa-śreṣṭham dadarśa

48. Having heard her words, Madhu replied, 'So be it.' Then he, approaching with due propriety, saw the foremost Rākṣasa.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her

• तत् (tat) - that, those

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation particle)

• आह (āha) - he said, he spoke

• मधुः (madhuḥ) - Madhu (a Rākṣasa chief)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words, speech

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

• राक्षस-श्रेष्ठम् (rākṣasa-śreṣṭham) - the best of Rākṣasas, the foremost Rākṣasa

• यथा-न्यायम् (yathā-nyāyam) - according to justice, properly, duly

• उपेत्य (upetya) - having approached, having gone near

• सः (saḥ) - he

Words meanings and morphology

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

Note: Refers to Tārā, who spoke in the previous context.

तत् (tat) - that, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the words spoken by Tārā.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement

derived from root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of śrutvā.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive

absolutive (gerund) form

Root: śru (class 5)

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a direct quote 'So be it'.

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of a quotation.

आह (āha) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

perfect

3rd person singular perfect, parasmaipada. Irregular root.

Root: ah

मधुः (madhuḥ) - Madhu (a Rākṣasa chief)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhu

madhu - Madhu (proper noun), honey, sweet

Note: Subject of āha.

वचः (vacaḥ) - words, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, utterance

s-stem neuter noun

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of āha. It clarifies that Madhu spoke 'words' (or 'this word') after 'tathā iti'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

perfect

3rd person singular perfect, parasmaipada. Reduplicated form.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

राक्षस-श्रेष्ठम् (rākṣasa-śreṣṭham) - the best of Rākṣasas, the foremost Rākṣasa

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasaśreṣṭha

rākṣasaśreṣṭha - best of Rākṣasas, foremost Rākṣasa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+śreṣṭha)

• rākṣasa – demon, Rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Object of dadarśa. Refers to Rāvaṇa.

यथा-न्यायम् (yathā-nyāyam) - according to justice, properly, duly

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+nyāya)

• yathā – as, according to
  indeclinable
• nyāya – rule, justice, propriety
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies upetya.

उपेत्य (upetya) - having approached, having gone near

(indeclinable)

absolutive

absolutive (gerund) form with prefix 'upa'

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Refers to Madhu.