वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-78, verse-54

तदसुकरमथाभिवीक्ष्य हृष्टाः प्रियसुहृदो युधि लक्ष्मणस्य कर्म ।
परममुपलभन्मनःप्रहर्षं विनिहतमिन्द्ररिपुं निशम्य देवाः ॥५४॥

54. tadasukaramathābhivīkṣya hṛṣṭāḥ priyasuhṛdo yudhi lakṣmaṇasya karma ,
paramamupalabhanmanaḥpraharṣaṃ vinihatamindraripuṃ niśamya devāḥ.

54. tat asukaram atha abhīvīkṣya hṛṣṭāḥ
priyasuhṛdaḥ yudhi lakṣmaṇasya karma
paramam upalabhantaḥ manaḥprahṛṣam
vinihatam indraripum niśamya devāḥ

54. atha priyasuhṛdaḥ yudhi lakṣmaṇasya
tat asukaram karma abhīvīkṣya hṛṣṭāḥ
devāḥ ca vinihatam indraripum niśamya
paramam manaḥprahṛṣam upalabhantaḥ

54. Having then witnessed Lakṣmaṇa's extraordinary (asukara) deed in battle, his dear friends were delighted. And the gods, hearing that Indra's enemy (Indrajit) had been slain, experienced supreme mental exultation.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (deed) (that, it)

• असुकरम् (asukaram) - extraordinarily difficult, nearly impossible (difficult, impossible to do, arduous)

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon, moreover

• अभीवीक्ष्य (abhīvīkṣya) - having seen, having observed, having perceived

• हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, joyful, glad

• प्रियसुहृदः (priyasuhṛdaḥ) - dear friends

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war, in a fight

• लक्ष्मणस्य (lakṣmaṇasya) - of Lakṣmaṇa, brother of Rāma (of Lakṣmaṇa)

• कर्म (karma) - feat (of valor) (deed, action, work, feat)

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme (joy) (supreme, highest, excellent; supremely (as adverb))

• उपलभन्तः (upalabhantaḥ) - experiencing (mental exultation) (obtaining, achieving, experiencing)

• मनःप्रहृषम् (manaḥprahṛṣam) - mental joy, exultation, delight of mind

• विनिहतम् (vinihatam) - completely slain, utterly destroyed, vanquished

• इन्द्ररिपुम् (indraripum) - Indra's enemy (specifically referring to Indrajit) (Indra's enemy)

• निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having learned, having understood

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (deed) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

असुकरम् (asukaram) - extraordinarily difficult, nearly impossible (difficult, impossible to do, arduous)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of asukara

asukara - difficult to do, impossible, arduous

A Nañ-tatpurusha compound: 'a-' (not) + 'sukara' (easy to do).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+sukara)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• sukara – easy to do, feasible
  adjective (neuter)
  From 'su-' (well, easily) + root √kṛ (to do) + suffix '-a'.
  Prefix: su
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon, moreover

(indeclinable)

अभीवीक्ष्य (abhīvīkṣya) - having seen, having observed, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root √īkṣ 'to see' with prefixes abhi- and vi-.

Prefixes: abhi+vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, joyful, glad

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - gladdened, delighted, joyful

Past Passive Participle

From the root √hṛṣ 'to be glad'.

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

प्रियसुहृदः (priyasuhṛdaḥ) - dear friends

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of priyasuhṛd

priyasuhṛd - dear friend, beloved companion

A Karmadharaya compound meaning 'a dear good-hearted one'.

Compound type : karmadharaya (priya+suhṛd)

• priya – dear, beloved, favorite
  adjective
  Root: prī (class 9)
• suhṛd – friend, good-hearted
  noun (masculine)
  From 'su-' (good) + 'hṛd' (heart).
  Prefix: su

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war, in a fight

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Root noun from √yudh 'to fight'.

Root: yudh (class 4)

लक्ष्मणस्य (lakṣmaṇasya) - of Lakṣmaṇa, brother of Rāma (of Lakṣmaṇa)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (brother of Rama)

कर्म (karma) - feat (of valor) (deed, action, work, feat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - deed, action, work, ritual action, fate (karma)

From the root √kṛ 'to do' with suffix -man.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme (joy) (supreme, highest, excellent; supremely (as adverb))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate, chief

Superlative form of 'para' (other, beyond).

उपलभन्तः (upalabhantaḥ) - experiencing (mental exultation) (obtaining, achieving, experiencing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upalabhant

upalabhant - obtaining, perceiving, experiencing

Present Active Participle

From the root √labh 'to obtain' with the prefix 'upa-'. This form is masculine plural nominative.

Prefix: upa

Root: labh (class 1)

मनःप्रहृषम् (manaḥprahṛṣam) - mental joy, exultation, delight of mind

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of manaḥprahṛṣa

manaḥprahṛṣa - joy of mind, mental exhilaration, exultation

A Tatpurusha compound: 'manas' (mind) + 'prahṛṣa' (delight).

Compound type : tatpurusha (manas+prahṛṣa)

• manas – mind, intellect, spirit
  noun (neuter)
  From the root √man 'to think'.
  Root: man (class 4)
• prahṛṣa – delight, joy, exultation
  noun (masculine)
  From the root √hṛṣ 'to be glad' with prefix 'pra-'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

विनिहतम् (vinihatam) - completely slain, utterly destroyed, vanquished

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vinihata

vinihata - completely slain, utterly destroyed, vanquished

Past Passive Participle

From the root √han 'to strike, to kill' with prefixes vi- and ni-.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

इन्द्ररिपुम् (indraripum) - Indra's enemy (specifically referring to Indrajit) (Indra's enemy)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of indraripu

indraripu - enemy of Indra

A Tatpurusha compound meaning 'the enemy of Indra'. Refers to Indrajit, son of Rāvaṇa.

Compound type : tatpurusha (indra+ripu)

• indra – Indra (king of the gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ripu – enemy, foe, adversary
  noun (masculine)

निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having learned, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Often derived from the root √śru 'to hear' with the prefix 'ni-', or the causative of √śam 'to calm, to perceive'.

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 1)

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

From the root √div 'to shine'.

Root: div (class 1)