वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-78, verse-40

दुद्रुवुर्बहुधा भीता राक्षसाः शतशो दिशः ।
त्यक्त्वा प्रहरणान् सर्वे पट्टसासिपरश्वधान् ॥४०॥

40. dudruvurbahudhā bhītā rākṣasāḥ śataśo diśaḥ ,
tyaktvā praharaṇān sarve paṭṭasāsiparaśvadhān.

40. dudruvuḥ bahudhā bhītāḥ rākṣasāḥ śataśaḥ diśaḥ
tyaktvā praharaṇān sarve paṭṭasāsiparaśvadhān

40. bhītāḥ sarve rākṣasāḥ praharaṇān paṭṭasāsiparaśvadhān
tyaktvā śataśaḥ bahudhā diśaḥ dudruvuḥ

40. Terrified, all the rākṣasas, abandoning their broadswords, swords, and axes, fled in hundreds in many directions.

Words meanings summery:

• दुद्रुवुः (dudruvuḥ) - they (the rākṣasas) fled (they fled, they ran away)

• बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many directions (in many ways, variously, in many directions)

• भीताः (bhītāḥ) - terrified (frightened, terrified, afraid)

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the rākṣasas (demons, evil spirits, rākṣasas)

• शतशः (śataśaḥ) - in hundreds (by hundreds, in hundreds)

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - (in) directions (directions, quarters)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up)

• प्रहरणान् (praharaṇān) - weapons (weapons, instruments of striking)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, every)

• पट्टसासिपरश्वधान् (paṭṭasāsiparaśvadhān) - broadswords, swords, and axes (as types of weapons) (broadswords, swords, and axes)

Words meanings and morphology

दुद्रुवुः (dudruvuḥ) - they (the rākṣasas) fled (they fled, they ran away)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of dru

perfect tense (liṭ)

Reduplicated root `dru`, perfect 3rd person plural, active voice.

Root: dru (class 1)

बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many directions (in many ways, variously, in many directions)

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix `dhā` from `bahu` (many).

भीताः (bhītāḥ) - terrified (frightened, terrified, afraid)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīta

bhīta - frightened, terrified, afraid

Past Passive Participle

From root `bhī` (to fear) + `kta` (P.P.P. suffix).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Qualifies `rākṣasāḥ`.

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the rākṣasas (demons, evil spirits, rākṣasas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a rākṣasa, demon

From `rakṣas` (harm, injury) + `a`.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

शतशः (śataśaḥ) - in hundreds (by hundreds, in hundreds)

(indeclinable)

From `śata` (hundred) + `śas` suffix.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - (in) directions (directions, quarters)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, point of compass

Root `diś` (to point out).

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of implied motion (fleeing towards directions).

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root `tyaj` (to abandon) + `ktvā` suffix.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

प्रहरणान् (praharaṇān) - weapons (weapons, instruments of striking)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of praharaṇa

praharaṇa - weapon, instrument for striking

From `pra`-`hṛ` (to strike) + `ana` suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `tyaktvā`.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, every)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies `rākṣasāḥ`.

पट्टसासिपरश्वधान् (paṭṭasāsiparaśvadhān) - broadswords, swords, and axes (as types of weapons) (broadswords, swords, and axes)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of paṭṭasāsiparaśvadha

paṭṭasāsiparaśvadha - broadsword, sword, and axe (collectively)

Compound type : dvandva (paṭṭasa+asi+paraśvadha)

• paṭṭasa – broadsword, scimitar
  noun (masculine)
• asi – sword, knife
  noun (masculine)
• paraśvadha – axe, hatchet
  noun (masculine)

Note: Specific types of `praharaṇān`.