वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-78, verse-4

स लक्ष्मणं समुद्दिश्य परं लाघवमास्थितः ।
ववर्ष शरवर्षाणि वर्षाणीव पुरंदरः ॥४॥

4. sa lakṣmaṇaṃ samuddiśya paraṃ lāghavamāsthitaḥ ,
vavarṣa śaravarṣāṇi varṣāṇīva puraṃdaraḥ.

4. saḥ lakṣmaṇam samudiśya param lāghavam āsthitaḥ
vavarṣa śaravarṣāṇi varṣāṇi iva purandaraḥ

4. saḥ param lāghavam āsthitaḥ lakṣmaṇam samudiśya
purandaraḥ varṣāṇi iva śaravarṣāṇi vavarṣa

4. He, focusing on Lakṣmaṇa, employing extreme agility, showered arrows just as Indra showers rain.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he

• लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - Lakṣmaṇa

• समुदिश्य (samudiśya) - having aimed at, focusing on, intending

• परम् (param) - supreme, extreme, highest

• लाघवम् (lāghavam) - lightness, agility, quickness

• आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - having resorted to, having taken a position, having adopted

• ववर्ष (vavarṣa) - rained, showered

• शरवर्षाणि (śaravarṣāṇi) - showers of arrows

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - rains, showers (of rain)

• इव (iva) - like, as

• पुरन्दरः (purandaraḥ) - Indra

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (name of Rama's brother), one having auspicious marks

समुदिश्य (samudiśya) - having aimed at, focusing on, intending

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root diś (to point, show) with prefixes sam- and ud-.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Absolutive (gerund).

परम् (param) - supreme, extreme, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, supreme, highest, excellent

Note: Adjective modifying lāghavam.

लाघवम् (lāghavam) - lightness, agility, quickness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lāghava

lāghava - lightness, agility, quickness, dexterity

Derived from laghu (light) + aṇ (taddhita suffix)

Note: Object of implied action or related to āsthitaḥ.

आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - having resorted to, having taken a position, having adopted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsthita

āsthita - situated, resorted to, adopted, undertaken

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies saḥ.

ववर्ष (vavarṣa) - rained, showered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of √vṛṣ

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect form of √vṛṣ.

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

शरवर्षाणि (śaravarṣāṇi) - showers of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of vavarṣa.

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - rains, showers (of rain)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - rain, shower, year

Note: Used in comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle indicating comparison.

पुरन्दरः (purandaraḥ) - Indra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of purandara

purandara - destroyer of fortresses, epithet of Indra

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (pura+dara)

• pura – fortress, city
  noun (neuter)
• dara – one who destroys/breaks (from √dṛ)
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from √dṛ 'to tear, break'.
  Root: dṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of comparison.