वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-62, verse-4

ततो ऽस्तं गत आदित्ये रौद्रे तस्मिन्निशामुखे ।
लङ्कामभिमुखाः सोल्का जग्मुस्ते प्लवगर्षभाः ॥४॥

4. tato'staṃ gata āditye raudre tasminniśāmukhe ,
laṅkāmabhimukhāḥ solkā jagmuste plavagarṣabhāḥ.

4. tataḥ astam gata āditye raudre tasmin niśāmukhe
laṅkām abhimukhāḥ sa-ulkāḥ jagmuḥ te plavagarṣabhāḥ

4. āditye astam gate tataḥ tasmin raudre niśāmukhe te
plavagarṣabhāḥ sa-ulkāḥ laṅkām abhimukhāḥ jagmuḥ

4. Then, after the sun had set, at that terrible onset of night, those foremost monkeys, carrying torches, proceeded facing Lanka.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that (thence, then, after that)

• अस्तम् (astam) - disappearance, setting (as in sun setting) (disappearance, setting (as of the sun), western mountain)

• गत (gata) - having gone, set (as in sun having set) (gone, departed, arrived at, past)

• आदित्ये (āditye) - the sun (sun, descendant of Aditi)

• रौद्रे (raudre) - terrible, fierce (fierce, terrible, belonging to Rudra)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (in that, on that)

• निशामुखे (niśāmukhe) - at the onset of night, twilight (at the mouth/beginning of night, twilight)

• लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - Lanka (Lanka (name of the city))

• अभिमुखाः (abhimukhāḥ) - facing towards (facing towards, turned towards, favorable)

• स-उल्काः (sa-ulkāḥ) - carrying torches (with torches, carrying torches)

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went, they proceeded

• ते (te) - those (those, they)

• प्लवगर्षभाः (plavagarṣabhāḥ) - foremost monkeys (chief of monkeys, foremost monkeys)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that (thence, then, after that)

(indeclinable)

from pronominal base tad + tasil

अस्तम् (astam) - disappearance, setting (as in sun setting) (disappearance, setting (as of the sun), western mountain)

(noun)

Accusative, singular of asta

asta - setting, disappearance, western mountain

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as an adverbial accusative here, 'to setting' or 'to disappearance'.

गत (gata) - having gone, set (as in sun having set) (gone, departed, arrived at, past)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived at

Past Passive Participle

from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: In locative absolute construction with āditye.

आदित्ये (āditye) - the sun (sun, descendant of Aditi)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - the sun, descendant of Aditi

Note: In locative absolute construction with gata.

रौद्रे (raudre) - terrible, fierce (fierce, terrible, belonging to Rudra)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of raudra

raudra - fierce, terrible, relating to Rudra

from Rudra + aṇ

Note: Qualifies niśāmukhe.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (in that, on that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies niśāmukhe.

निशामुखे (niśāmukhe) - at the onset of night, twilight (at the mouth/beginning of night, twilight)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of niśāmukha

niśāmukha - beginning of night, twilight

Compound type : tatpurusha (niśā+mukha)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – mouth, face, front, beginning
  noun (neuter)

लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - Lanka (Lanka (name of the city))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Lanka (mythical city, capital of Ravana)

Note: Object of abhimukhāḥ (facing towards).

अभिमुखाः (abhimukhāḥ) - facing towards (facing towards, turned towards, favorable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhimukha

abhimukha - facing, turned towards

Compound type : tatpurusha (abhi+mukha)

• abhi – towards, against, to
  indeclinable
  upasarga
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies plavagarṣabhāḥ.

स-उल्काः (sa-ulkāḥ) - carrying torches (with torches, carrying torches)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sa-ulkā

sa-ulkā - with torches

from sa (with) + ulkā (torch)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+ulkā)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  prefix
• ulkā – torch, meteor, firebrand
  noun (feminine)

Note: Qualifies plavagarṣabhāḥ.

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went, they proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect Active

root gam, 3rd plural, Parasmaipada

Root: gam (class 1)

ते (te) - those (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of jagmuḥ.

प्लवगर्षभाः (plavagarṣabhāḥ) - foremost monkeys (chief of monkeys, foremost monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of plavagarṣabha

plavagarṣabha - chief of monkeys

Compound type : tatpurusha (plavaga+ṛṣabha)

• plavaga – monkey (lit. 'going by leaps')
  noun (masculine)
  from plu (to jump) + ga (going)
  Root: plu (class 1)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of jagmuḥ.