वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-36, verse-49

यं दृष्ट्वा राघवो नैव वृद्धमार्यमनुस्मरत् ।
स ममार्थाय कुशलं वक्तव्यो वचनान्मम ।
मृदुर्नित्यं शुचिर्दक्षः प्रियो रामस्य लक्ष्मणः ॥४९॥

49. yaṃ dṛṣṭvā rāghavo naiva vṛddhamāryamanusmarat ,
sa mamārthāya kuśalaṃ vaktavyo vacanānmama ,
mṛdurnityaṃ śucirdakṣaḥ priyo rāmasya lakṣmaṇaḥ.

49. yam dṛṣṭvā rāghavaḥ na eva vṛddham āryam
anusmarat | saḥ mama arthāya kuśalam
vaktavyaḥ vacanāt mama | mṛduḥ nityam
śuciḥ dakṣaḥ priyaḥ rāmasya lakṣmaṇaḥ

49. rāghavaḥ yam dṛṣṭvā vṛddham āryam na eva
anusmarat saḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ mama arthāya
mama vacanāt kuśalam vaktavyaḥ rāmasya
priyaḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ nityam mṛduḥ śuciḥ dakṣaḥ

49. Lakshmana, upon seeing whom Rama never remembered his aged and venerable father, and who is always gentle, pure, capable, and beloved by Rama, should be informed of my welfare on my behalf.

Words meanings summery:

• यम् (yam) - whom (masculine)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu)

• न (na) - not

• एव (eva) - even, only, indeed

• वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - aged, old

• आर्यम् (āryam) - venerable, noble

• अनुस्मरत् (anusmarat) - remembered

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (masculine)

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• अर्थाय (arthāya) - for the purpose of, for the sake of

• कुशलम् (kuśalam) - welfare, well-being, good news

• वक्तव्यः (vaktavyaḥ) - ought to be spoken, should be told

• वचनात् (vacanāt) - from the words, by the command

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• मृदुः (mṛduḥ) - gentle, soft, mild

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean

• दक्षः (dakṣaḥ) - capable, skillful, clever

• प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear, beloved

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - whom (masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

formed with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - even, only, indeed

(indeclinable)

वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - aged, old

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown

Past Passive Participle

from root √vṛdh (to grow)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

आर्यम् (āryam) - venerable, noble

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārya

ārya - noble, venerable, respectable

अनुस्मरत् (anusmarat) - remembered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of smṛ

Prefix: anu

Root: smṛ (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

अर्थाय (arthāya) - for the purpose of, for the sake of

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, object, meaning, wealth

कुशलम् (kuśalam) - welfare, well-being, good news

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kuśala

kuśala - well-being, welfare, skillful, good

वक्तव्यः (vaktavyaḥ) - ought to be spoken, should be told

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaktavya

vaktavya - to be spoken, suitable to be spoken

Gerundive

from root √vac (to speak) with suffix -tavya

Root: vac (class 2)

वचनात् (vacanāt) - from the words, by the command

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, word, statement

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

मृदुः (mṛduḥ) - gentle, soft, mild

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛdu

mṛdu - soft, gentle, mild

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, bright

दक्षः (dakṣaḥ) - capable, skillful, clever

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dakṣa

dakṣa - capable, skillful, clever, expert

प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear, beloved

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, favorite

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a celebrated king, son of Dasaratha)

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (brother of Rama)

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