वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-36, verse-10

यदि नोत्सहसे यातुं मया सार्धमनिन्दिते ।
अभिज्ञानं प्रयच्छ त्वं जानीयाद् राघवो हि यत् ॥१०॥

10. yadi notsahase yātuṃ mayā sārdhamanindite ,
abhijñānaṃ prayaccha tvaṃ jānīyād rāghavo hi yat.

10. yadi na utsahase yātum mayā sārdham anindite
abhijñānam prayaccha tvam jānīyāt rāghavaḥ hi yat

10. anindite yadi mayā sārdham yātum na utsahase tvam
abhijñānam prayaccha yat rāghavaḥ hi jānīyāt

10. O blameless one, if you are unable to come with me, then give a token of recognition so that Rāma may indeed know (of my visit and your plight).

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if

• न (na) - not

• उत्सहसे (utsahase) - you are able to accompany (you are able, you dare)

• यातुम् (yātum) - to go with Hanumān (to go)

• मया (mayā) - referring to Hanumān (by me)

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - with, together with

• अनिन्दिते (anindite) - vocative addressed to Sītā (O blameless one, O faultless one)

• अभिज्ञानम् (abhijñānam) - token of recognition, identifying mark

• प्रयच्छ (prayaccha) - give! offer!

• त्वम् (tvam) - referring to Sītā (you (nominative))

• जानीयात् (jānīyāt) - so that Rāma may know/recognize (may he know, should he know)

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāma

• हि (hi) - emphasizes the certainty of Rāma needing to know (indeed, surely, for)

• यत् (yat) - introduces a purpose clause (that, which, so that)

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

उत्सहसे (utsahase) - you are able to accompany (you are able, you dare)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sah

ud-√sah (root class 1, atmanepada)

Prefix: ud

Root: sah (class 1)

यातुम् (yātum) - to go with Hanumān (to go)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of √yā (root class 2, parasmaipada).

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Infinitive expressing purpose or complement to utsahase.

मया (mayā) - referring to Hanumān (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of mad

mad - I, me

सार्धम् (sārdham) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

अनिन्दिते (anindite) - vocative addressed to Sītā (O blameless one, O faultless one)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of anindita

anindita - blameless, faultless, irreproachable

Past Passive Participle

Formed from negative prefix a + nindita (blamed), so 'not blamed'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+nindita)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
• nindita – blamed, censured, reproached
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √nind (to blame, censure)
  Root: nind (class 1)

अभिज्ञानम् (abhijñānam) - token of recognition, identifying mark

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abhijñāna

abhijñāna - token of recognition, sign, mark, remembrance

from abhi-√jñā (to recognize, ascertain)

Prefix: abhi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: object of prayaccha

प्रयच्छ (prayaccha) - give! offer!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of yam

pra-√yam (root class 1, parasmaipada)

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - referring to Sītā (you (nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tvad

tvad - you (second person pronoun)

Note: Subject of prayaccha.

जानीयात् (jānīyāt) - so that Rāma may know/recognize (may he know, should he know)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of jñā

√jñā (root class 9, parasmaipada)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: expresses purpose with yat.

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendent of Raghu, son of Raghu (epithet for Rāma)

Patronymic from raghu

Note: Subject of jānīyāt.

हि (hi) - emphasizes the certainty of Rāma needing to know (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - introduces a purpose clause (that, which, so that)

(indeclinable)

relative pronoun

Note: Functions as a conjunction "so that".

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