वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-36, verse-34

स कुरुष्व महोत्साहं कृपां मयि नरर्षभ ।
आनृशंस्यं परो धर्मस्त्वत्त एव मया श्रुतः ॥३४॥

34. sa kuruṣva mahotsāhaṃ kṛpāṃ mayi nararṣabha ,
ānṛśaṃsyaṃ paro dharmastvatta eva mayā śrutaḥ.

34. sa kuruṣva mahotsāham kṛpām mayi nararṣabha
ānṛśaṃsyam paraḥ dharmaḥ tvattaḥ eva mayā śrutaḥ

34. Therefore, O best among men, show great enthusiasm and compassion towards me. Non-cruelty is the supreme natural law (dharma); this I have heard from you yourself.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - therefore, and, so

• कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - do, perform, show (imperative)

• महोत्साहम् (mahotsāham) - great enthusiasm, great energy

• कृपाम् (kṛpām) - compassion, pity, mercy

• मयि (mayi) - in me, on me, towards me

• नरर्षभ (nararṣabha) - O best among men, O foremost of men

• आनृशंस्यम् (ānṛśaṁsyam) - non-cruelty, compassion, kindness

• परः (paraḥ) - supreme, highest, excellent

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty, constitution

• त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• मया (mayā) - by me

• श्रुतः (śrutaḥ) - heard, listened

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - therefore, and, so

(indeclinable)

कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - do, perform, show (imperative)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative Middle

Root kṛ (class 8, u-stem)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

महोत्साहम् (mahotsāham) - great enthusiasm, great energy

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahotsāha

mahotsāha - great enthusiasm, high energy, great effort

Compound of mahā (great) and utsāha (enthusiasm, energy).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+utsāha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• utsāha – enthusiasm, energy, effort, perseverance
  noun (masculine)

कृपाम् (kṛpām) - compassion, pity, mercy

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛpā

kṛpā - compassion, pity, mercy

मयि (mayi) - in me, on me, towards me

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

नरर्षभ (nararṣabha) - O best among men, O foremost of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nararṣabha

nararṣabha - best among men, foremost of men

Compound of nara (man) and ṛṣabha (bull, best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent, chief
  noun (masculine)

आनृशंस्यम् (ānṛśaṁsyam) - non-cruelty, compassion, kindness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ānṛśaṃsya

ānṛśaṁsya - non-cruelty, kindness, compassion, humanity

Derived from nṛśaṃsa (cruel) with 'a-' negative prefix and '-ya' suffix for abstract noun.

परः (paraḥ) - supreme, highest, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate, other

Note: Agrees with dharmaḥ.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty, constitution

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Suffix -taḥ for ablative.

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, me

श्रुतः (śrutaḥ) - heard, listened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, known by hearing

Past Passive Participle

From root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with ānṛśaṃsyam (implied 'that' is heard).

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