वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-36, verse-33

मत्कृते काकमात्रे ऽपि ब्रह्मास्त्रं समुदीरितम् ।
कस्माद् यो मां हरत्त्वत्तः क्षमसे तं महीपते ॥३३॥

33. matkṛte kākamātre'pi brahmāstraṃ samudīritam ,
kasmād yo māṃ harattvattaḥ kṣamase taṃ mahīpate.

33. matkṛte kākamātre api brahmāstram samudīritam
kasmāt yaḥ mām harat tvattaḥ kṣamase tam mahīpate

33. For my sake, even against a mere crow, the brahmāstra (divine weapon) was invoked. O lord of the earth, why do you forgive him who snatched me from you?

Words meanings summery:

• मत्कृते (matkṛte) - for my sake, for me

• काकमात्रे (kākamātre) - to a mere crow, only a crow

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• ब्रह्मास्त्रम् (brahmāstram) - the divine weapon (brahmāstra)

• समुदीरितम् (samudīritam) - invoked, discharged, hurled

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• माम् (mām) - me

• हरत् (harat) - he snatched, he took away

• त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you

• क्षमसे (kṣamase) - you forgive, you tolerate

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• महीपते (mahīpate) - O lord of the earth, O king

Words meanings and morphology

मत्कृते (matkṛte) - for my sake, for me

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of matkṛta

matkṛta - done for me, for my sake

Compound of mat (mine/by me) and kṛta (done).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mad+kṛta)

• mad – my, mine, me (first person pronoun stem)
  pronoun
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used adverbially here to mean 'for my sake'.

काकमात्रे (kākamātre) - to a mere crow, only a crow

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kākamātra

kākamātra - a mere crow, only a crow

Compound of kāka (crow) and mātra (mere, only).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāka+mātra)

• kāka – crow
  noun (masculine)
• mātra – only, mere, amount, measure
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Refers to the crow being merely a crow, implying its insignificance.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, 'even'.

ब्रह्मास्त्रम् (brahmāstram) - the divine weapon (brahmāstra)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahmāstra

brahmāstra - the weapon of Brahmā, a divine weapon of immense power

Compound of brahman (Brahmā) and astra (weapon).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+astra)

• brahman – Brahmā (the creator god), sacred knowledge, the ultimate reality
  proper noun (masculine)
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)

Note: Could also be accusative singular, but nominative fits better with 'samudīritam' as the subject of the passive action.

समुदीरितम् (samudīritam) - invoked, discharged, hurled

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samudīrita

samudīrita - invoked, discharged, hurled, spoken

Past Passive Participle

From sam-ud-īr (to raise, excite, utter)

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: īr (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective, agreeing with brahmāstram.

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'why'.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

हरत् (harat) - he snatched, he took away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of hṛ

Imperfect Active

Root hṛ (class 1)

Root: hṛ (class 1)

त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Suffix -taḥ used to form ablative.

क्षमसे (kṣamase) - you forgive, you tolerate

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṣam

Present Middle

Root kṣam (class 1 or 4)

Root: kṣam (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the one who snatched (yaḥ...harat).

महीपते (mahīpate) - O lord of the earth, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - lord of the earth, king

Compound of mahī (earth) and pati (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

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