वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-36, verse-39

भ्रातुरादेशमादाय लक्ष्मणो वा परंतपः ।
कस्य हेतोर्न मां वीरः परित्राति महाबलः ॥३९॥

39. bhrāturādeśamādāya lakṣmaṇo vā paraṃtapaḥ ,
kasya hetorna māṃ vīraḥ paritrāti mahābalaḥ.

39. bhrātuḥ ādeśam ādāya lakṣmaṇaḥ vā paraṃtapaḥ
kasya hetoḥ na mām vīraḥ paritrāti mahābalaḥ

39. vā bhrātuḥ ādeśam ādāya,
lakṣmaṇaḥ paraṃtapaḥ mahābalaḥ vīraḥ kasya hetoḥ mām na paritrāti

39. Or, having taken his brother's command, why does the mighty hero Lakṣmaṇa, the tormentor of foes, not protect me?

Words meanings summery:

• भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of the brother

• आदेशम् (ādeśam) - command, instruction

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having received

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa (Rāma's brother)

• वा (vā) - or

• परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

• कस्य (kasya) - of what, for what (reason)

• हेतोः (hetoḥ) - for what reason (for the reason, on account of)

• न (na) - not

• माम् (mām) - me

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, valiant one

• परित्राति (paritrāti) - he protects, he saves, he defends

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, greatly powerful

Words meanings and morphology

भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of the brother

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

आदेशम् (ādeśam) - command, instruction

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ādeśa

ādeśa - order, command, instruction

from root diś with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: diś (class 6)

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having received

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from root dā with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: absolutive/gerund

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa (Rāma's brother)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (proper name)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - scorcher of enemies, tormentor of foes (epithet)

from para (other/enemy) and tapa (scorcher)

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+tapa)

• para – other, supreme, enemy
  adjective
• tapa – scorcher, one who heats/torments
  noun (masculine)
  from root tap (to heat, to torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

कस्य (kasya) - of what, for what (reason)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

हेतोः (hetoḥ) - for what reason (for the reason, on account of)

(noun)

masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive

Note: Used here in the sense of 'for what reason'

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, valiant one

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

परित्राति (paritrāti) - he protects, he saves, he defends

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of paritrā

from root trā with upasarga pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: trā (class 2)

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, greatly powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

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