वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-36, verse-40

यदि तौ पुरुषव्याघ्रौ वाय्विन्द्रसमतेजसौ ।
सुराणामपि दुर्धर्षो किमर्थं मामुपेक्षतः ॥४०॥

40. yadi tau puruṣavyāghrau vāyvindrasamatejasau ,
surāṇāmapi durdharṣo kimarthaṃ māmupekṣataḥ.

40. yadi tau puruṣavyāghrau vāyvindrasamatejasau
surāṇām api durdharṣau kimartham mām upekṣataḥ

40. yadi puruṣavyāghrau vāyvindrasamatejasau surāṇām
api durdharṣau tau mām kimartham upekṣataḥ

40. If those two, the foremost among men (puruṣavyāghrau), whose prowess is equal to Vayu and Indra, are invincible even to the gods, then why do they neglect me?

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if, whether

• तौ (tau) - Rama and Lakshmana (those two)

• पुरुषव्याघ्रौ (puruṣavyāghrau) - greatest among men, referring to Rama and Lakshmana (tigers among men, foremost among men)

• वाय्विन्द्रसमतेजसौ (vāyvindrasamatejasau) - referring to Rama and Lakshmana, whose power is like the gods of wind and lightning (having valor/prowess equal to Vayu and Indra)

• सुराणाम् (surāṇām) - of the gods

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• दुर्धर्षौ (durdharṣau) - invincible to the gods (difficult to overcome, invincible, formidable)

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - for what purpose, why

• माम् (mām) - referring to Sita (me)

• उपेक्षतः (upekṣataḥ) - they neglect, they disregard

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

तौ (tau) - Rama and Lakshmana (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

पुरुषव्याघ्रौ (puruṣavyāghrau) - greatest among men, referring to Rama and Lakshmana (tigers among men, foremost among men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - a tiger among men, an eminent man, a great hero

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

वाय्विन्द्रसमतेजसौ (vāyvindrasamatejasau) - referring to Rama and Lakshmana, whose power is like the gods of wind and lightning (having valor/prowess equal to Vayu and Indra)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vāyvindrasamatejas

vāyvindrasamatejas - possessing energy/prowess equal to Vayu and Indra

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vāyu+indra+sama+tejas)

• vāyu – wind, the god of wind
  proper noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra, king of gods
  proper noun (masculine)
• sama – equal, same, like
  adjective (masculine)
• tejas – splendor, valor, energy, power
  noun (neuter)

सुराणाम् (surāṇām) - of the gods

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

दुर्धर्षौ (durdharṣau) - invincible to the gods (difficult to overcome, invincible, formidable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of durdharṣa

durdharṣa - difficult to be seized, invincible, formidable, irresistible

gerundive/future passive participle

Derived from root dhṛṣ (to be bold, to dare) with prefix dur- and suffix -a

Prefix: dur

Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

Note: The form durdharṣo in Devanagari is due to external sandhi with kimartham (-au + k -> -o k).

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - for what purpose, why

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kim+artha)

• kim – what, why
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

माम् (mām) - referring to Sita (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

उपेक्षतः (upekṣataḥ) - they neglect, they disregard

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, present (laṭ) of upekṣ

Prefix: upa

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Sandhi: upa + īkṣ -> upekṣ

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