वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-36, verse-29

तं त्वं निपतितं भूमौ शरण्यः शरणागतम् ।
वधार्हमपि काकुत्स्थ कृपया पर्यपालयः ।
न शर्म लब्ध्वा लोकेषु त्वामेव शरणं गतः ॥२९॥

29. taṃ tvaṃ nipatitaṃ bhūmau śaraṇyaḥ śaraṇāgatam ,
vadhārhamapi kākutstha kṛpayā paryapālayaḥ ,
na śarma labdhvā lokeṣu tvāmeva śaraṇaṃ gataḥ.

29. tam tvam nipatitam bhūmau śaraṇyaḥ
śaraṇāgatam vadhārham api kākutstha
kṛpayā paryapālayaḥ na śarma
labdhvā lokeṣu tvām eva śaraṇam gataḥ

29. he kākutstha! tvam śaraṇyaḥ tam bhūmau
nipatitam śaraṇāgatam vadhārham
api kṛpayā paryapālayaḥ saḥ lokeṣu
śarma na labdhvā tvām eva śaraṇam gataḥ

29. O Kakutstha, you, the protector, out of compassion, protected him even though he deserved death, when he fell to the ground and sought your refuge. Not having found peace in any of the worlds, he came to you alone for shelter.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Jayanta) (him, that)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Rama) (you)

• निपतितम् (nipatitam) - fallen (on the ground) (fallen down, descended)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the earth, on the ground)

• शरण्यः (śaraṇyaḥ) - protector (worthy of refuge, protector, refuge)

• शरणागतम् (śaraṇāgatam) - who sought refuge (one who has come for refuge, refugee)

• वधार्हम् (vadhārham) - deserving of death (deserving death, punishable by death)

• अपि (api) - even though (even, also, though)

• काकुत्स्थ (kākutstha) - O Rama (descendant of Kakutstha) (descendant of Kakutstha)

• कृपया (kṛpayā) - out of compassion (by compassion, through kindness)

• पर्यपालयः (paryapālayaḥ) - you protected (you protected, you cherished)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• शर्म (śarma) - peace (happiness, peace, comfort)

• लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having found (having obtained, having gained)

• लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds (in the worlds, in the realms)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (Rama) (you)

• एव (eva) - alone, indeed (only, just, indeed)

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - shelter (refuge, shelter, protection)

• गतः (gataḥ) - came (gone, reached, attained)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Jayanta) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine accusative singular of 'tad'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Rama) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Nominative singular of 'yuṣmad'.

निपतितम् (nipatitam) - fallen (on the ground) (fallen down, descended)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nipatita

nipatita - fallen down, descended

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √pat (to fall) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle, accusative singular, modifying 'tam'.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the earth, on the ground)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

Note: Locative singular.

शरण्यः (śaraṇyaḥ) - protector (worthy of refuge, protector, refuge)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaraṇya

śaraṇya - worthy of refuge, protector

Gerundive/Adjective

Derived from root √śṛ (to crush, break) or √śri (to resort to, serve) related to 'śaraṇa'.

Root: śṛ/śri

Note: Nominative singular, referring to Rama.

शरणागतम् (śaraṇāgatam) - who sought refuge (one who has come for refuge, refugee)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaraṇāgata

śaraṇāgata - one who has come for refuge

compound formed with Past Passive Participle

Compound: śaraṇa (refuge) + āgata (come).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śaraṇa+āgata)

• śaraṇa – refuge, shelter
  noun (neuter)
• āgata – come, arrived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √gam (to go) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular, modifying 'tam'.

वधार्हम् (vadhārham) - deserving of death (deserving death, punishable by death)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vadhārha

vadhārha - deserving death

Compound: vadha (killing, death) + arha (deserving).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vadha+arha)

• vadha – killing, death
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vadh (class 1)
• arha – deserving, worthy
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √arh (to deserve).
  Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular, modifying 'tam'.

अपि (api) - even though (even, also, though)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction/particle.

काकुत्स्थ (kākutstha) - O Rama (descendant of Kakutstha) (descendant of Kakutstha)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kakutstha

A patronymic for Rama.

Note: Vocative singular.

कृपया (kṛpayā) - out of compassion (by compassion, through kindness)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kṛpā

kṛpā - compassion, pity, kindness

Note: Instrumental singular.

पर्यपालयः (paryapālayaḥ) - you protected (you protected, you cherished)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pāl

Imperfect tense, active voice

Aorist/Imperfect form, 2nd person singular, active voice of √pāl with prefix pari-.

Prefix: pari

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: 2nd person singular, imperfect active of √pāl, with prefix pari-.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

शर्म (śarma) - peace (happiness, peace, comfort)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śarman

śarman - happiness, peace, comfort, shelter

Note: Accusative singular.

लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having found (having obtained, having gained)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Gerund/Absolutive from root √labh (to obtain).

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Absolutive.

लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds (in the worlds, in the realms)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

Note: Locative plural.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (Rama) (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Accusative singular.

एव (eva) - alone, indeed (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - shelter (refuge, shelter, protection)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, shelter, protection

Note: Accusative singular.

गतः (gataḥ) - came (gone, reached, attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, reached, attained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle, agreeing with 'he' (Jayanta).

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