वाल्मीकि-रामायणम्
vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam
-
book-2, chapter-95, verse-37
हयैरन्ये गजैरन्ये रथैरन्ये स्वलंकृतैः ।
सुकुमारास्तथैवान्ये पद्भिरेव नरा ययुः ॥३७॥
सुकुमारास्तथैवान्ये पद्भिरेव नरा ययुः ॥३७॥
37. hayairanye gajairanye rathairanye svalaṃkṛtaiḥ ,
sukumārāstathaivānye padbhireva narā yayuḥ.
sukumārāstathaivānye padbhireva narā yayuḥ.
37.
hayaiḥ anye gajaiḥ anye rathaiḥ anye sualaṅkṛtaiḥ
sukumārāḥ tathā eva anye padbhiḥ eva narāḥ yayuḥ
sukumārāḥ tathā eva anye padbhiḥ eva narāḥ yayuḥ
37.
anye hayaiḥ anye gajaiḥ anye sualaṅkṛtaiḥ rathaiḥ
tathā eva anye sukumārāḥ narāḥ padbhiḥ eva yayuḥ
tathā eva anye sukumārāḥ narāḥ padbhiḥ eva yayuḥ
37.
Some went on horses, others on elephants, and still others on well-adorned chariots. Similarly, other delicate men went only on foot.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- हयैः (hayaiḥ) - by horses, with horses
- अन्ये (anye) - others, some
- गजैः (gajaiḥ) - by elephants, with elephants
- अन्ये (anye) - others, some
- रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots, with chariots
- अन्ये (anye) - others, some
- सुअलङ्कृतैः (sualaṅkṛtaiḥ) - by well-adorned chariots (by well-adorned (ones))
- सुकुमाराः (sukumārāḥ) - delicate men (delicate, tender, soft)
- तथा (tathā) - similarly, and (thus, so, in that manner, as well as)
- एव (eva) - only, just, indeed
- अन्ये (anye) - others, some
- पद्भिः (padbhiḥ) - by feet, on foot
- एव (eva) - only on foot (only, just, indeed)
- नराः (narāḥ) - men, people
- ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went, they proceeded
Words meanings and morphology
हयैः (hayaiḥ) - by horses, with horses
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of haya
haya - horse
Root: hi (class 5)
Note: Instrument of locomotion.
अन्ये (anye) - others, some
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, another, different
Note: Refers to groups of men.
गजैः (gajaiḥ) - by elephants, with elephants
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of gaja
gaja - elephant
Note: Instrument of locomotion.
अन्ये (anye) - others, some
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, another, different
Note: Refers to groups of men.
रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots, with chariots
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha
ratha - chariot, car
Root: ram (class 1)
Note: Instrument of locomotion.
अन्ये (anye) - others, some
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, another, different
Note: Refers to groups of men.
सुअलङ्कृतैः (sualaṅkṛtaiḥ) - by well-adorned chariots (by well-adorned (ones))
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of sualaṅkṛta
sualaṅkṛta - well-adorned, beautifully decorated
Past Passive Participle
Compound of su (well, good) + alaṅkṛta (adorned, from root kṛ 'to do' with prefixes alam and aṅ)
Compound type : prādi-tatpuruṣa (su+alaṅkṛta)
- su – good, well, excellent
indeclinable - alaṅkṛta – adorned, decorated, ornamented
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root kṛ (to do) with upasarga alam, suffix -ta
Prefix: alam
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Agrees with rathaiḥ.
सुकुमाराः (sukumārāḥ) - delicate men (delicate, tender, soft)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sukumāra
sukumāra - very delicate, tender, soft, youthful
Compound type : prādi-tatpuruṣa (su+kumāra)
- su – good, well, excellent
indeclinable - kumāra – youth, boy, prince, delicate
noun (masculine)
Note: Agrees with narāḥ.
तथा (tathā) - similarly, and (thus, so, in that manner, as well as)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the two parts of the verse.
एव (eva) - only, just, indeed
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic.
अन्ये (anye) - others, some
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, another, different
Note: Refers to groups of men.
पद्भिः (padbhiḥ) - by feet, on foot
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of pad
pad - foot, leg
Note: Instrument of locomotion.
एव (eva) - only on foot (only, just, indeed)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic.
नराः (narāḥ) - men, people
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of nara
nara - man, human being, person
Root: nṛ (class 1)
Note: Subject of yayuḥ.
ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went, they proceeded
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of yā
Perfect 3rd plural active (reduplicated perfect)
Root: yā (class 2)