वाल्मीकि-रामायणम्
vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam
-
book-2, chapter-95, verse-15
निष्प्रधानामनेकाग्रं नरेन्द्रेण विनाकृताम् ।
निवृत्तवनवासो ऽपि नायोध्यां गन्तुमुत्सहे ॥१५॥
निवृत्तवनवासो ऽपि नायोध्यां गन्तुमुत्सहे ॥१५॥
15. niṣpradhānāmanekāgraṃ narendreṇa vinākṛtām ,
nivṛttavanavāso'pi nāyodhyāṃ gantumutsahe.
nivṛttavanavāso'pi nāyodhyāṃ gantumutsahe.
15.
niṣpradhānām anekāgrām narendreṇa vinākṛtām
nivṛttavanavāsaḥ api na ayodhyām gantum utsahe
nivṛttavanavāsaḥ api na ayodhyām gantum utsahe
15.
nivṛttavanavāsaḥ api (aham) niṣpradhānām anekāgrām
narendreṇa vinākṛtām ayodhyām gantum na utsahe
narendreṇa vinākṛtām ayodhyām gantum na utsahe
15.
Even though my forest exile (vanavāsa) is completed, I am not eager to go to Ayodhya, which is without a proper leader, disorganized, and deprived of its king.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- निष्प्रधानाम् (niṣpradhānām) - Ayodhya, without a ruler (without a chief, without a leader)
- अनेकाग्राम् (anekāgrām) - Ayodhya, disorganized or lacking focus (not one-pointed, distracted, disorganized)
- नरेन्द्रेण (narendreṇa) - by King Dasharatha (by the king)
- विनाकृताम् (vinākṛtām) - Ayodhya, deprived of its king (deprived of, separated from, made without)
- निवृत्तवनवासः (nivṛttavanavāsaḥ) - Rama, whose forest exile (vanavāsa) is completed (one whose forest dwelling is completed)
- अपि (api) - even though (even, also, too)
- न (na) - not, no
- अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - to Ayodhya
- गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, to proceed
- उत्सहे (utsahe) - I am eager, I endeavor, I am able
Words meanings and morphology
निष्प्रधानाम् (niṣpradhānām) - Ayodhya, without a ruler (without a chief, without a leader)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of niṣpradhāna
niṣpradhāna - without a chief, without a leader
Compound type : bahuvrihi (nis+pradhāna)
- nis – out, forth, without, free from
indeclinable
Prefix indicating negation or absence - pradhāna – chief, leader, principal; primordial matter (prakṛti)
noun (masculine)
From pra- (before) + root dhā (to place, hold)
Prefix: pra
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Qualifies implied 'Ayodhyām'
अनेकाग्राम् (anekāgrām) - Ayodhya, disorganized or lacking focus (not one-pointed, distracted, disorganized)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of anekāgra
anekāgra - not having one aim, distracted, not focused, disorganized
Compound type : bahuvrihi (an+eka+agra)
- an – not, non, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix (used before vowels) - eka – one, single, unique
numeral (masculine) - agra – foremost, tip, point, chief; aim, objective
noun (neuter)
Note: Qualifies implied 'Ayodhyām'
नरेन्द्रेण (narendreṇa) - by King Dasharatha (by the king)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of narendra
narendra - king, lord of men
Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+indra)
- nara – man, human being
noun (masculine) - indra – chief, lord, Indra (name of a deity)
noun (masculine)
Note: Agent of 'vinākṛtām'
विनाकृताम् (vinākṛtām) - Ayodhya, deprived of its king (deprived of, separated from, made without)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of vinākṛta
vinākṛta - deprived of, separated from, undone, destroyed
Past Passive Participle
From 'vinā' (without) + root kṛ (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Qualifies implied 'Ayodhyām'
निवृत्तवनवासः (nivṛttavanavāsaḥ) - Rama, whose forest exile (vanavāsa) is completed (one whose forest dwelling is completed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nivṛttavanavāsa
nivṛttavanavāsa - one whose forest dwelling is completed or ended
Compound type : bahuvrihi (nivṛtta+vanavāsa)
- nivṛtta – returned, ceased, completed, retired, stopped
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From ni- (down, in) + root vṛt (to turn, be, happen)
Prefix: ni
Root: vṛt (class 1) - vanavāsa – dwelling in a forest, forest exile
noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to the speaker (Rama)
अपि (api) - even though (even, also, too)
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - to Ayodhya
(proper noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā
ayodhyā - Ayodhya (name of a city, 'unconquerable')
Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+yodhya)
- a – not, non, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - yodhya – to be fought, fightable, conquerable
adjective (feminine)
Gerundive
From root yudh (to fight)
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: Object of 'gantum'
गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, to proceed
(verb)
infinitive of gam
infinitive
Infinitive form of root gam
Root: gam (class 1)
उत्सहे (utsahe) - I am eager, I endeavor, I am able
(verb)
1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of utsah
Root sah (to be able) with prefix ut (up, forth)
Prefix: ut
Root: sah (class 1)
Note: 1st person singular, present tense, middle voice