महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-4, verse-32

कृपणं विलपन्नार्तो जरयाभिपरिप्लुतः ।
म्रियते रुदतां मध्ये ज्ञातीनां न स पूरुषः ॥३२॥

32. kṛpaṇaṁ vilapannārto jarayābhipariplutaḥ ,
mriyate rudatāṁ madhye jñātīnāṁ na sa pūruṣaḥ.

32. kṛpaṇam vilapan ārtaḥ jarayā abhipariplutaḥ
mriyate rudatām madhye jñātīnām na saḥ pūruṣaḥ

32. yaḥ ārtaḥ jarayā abhipariplutaḥ kṛpaṇam vilapan
jñātīnām rudatām madhye mriyate saḥ pūruṣaḥ na

32. One who, distressed and overcome by old age, laments piteously and dies amidst weeping relatives, that is not a true person (puruṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - miserably, piteously, lamentably

• विलपन् (vilapan) - lamenting, weeping

• आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - distressed, afflicted, suffering

• जरया (jarayā) - by old age, due to old age

• अभिपरिप्लुतः (abhipariplutaḥ) - overcome, overwhelmed, deluged

• म्रियते (mriyate) - dies

• रुदताम् (rudatām) - of those weeping, of the weeping ones

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the midst of, among

• ज्ञातीनाम् (jñātīnām) - of relatives, of kinsmen

• न (na) - not, no

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• पूरुषः (pūruṣaḥ) - a true man (person, man, male, cosmic person)

Words meanings and morphology

कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - miserably, piteously, lamentably

(indeclinable)

विलपन् (vilapan) - lamenting, weeping

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vilapat

lap - to lament, wail, speak

Present Active Participle

From root lap with prefix vi, suffix śatṛ

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Participle used adjectivally to describe the subject.

आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - distressed, afflicted, suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārta

ārta - distressed, afflicted, suffering, hurt

Past Passive Participle

From root ṛ 'to go' with prefix ā, or root ard 'to pain' / ṛ 'to injure'

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 1)

जरया (jarayā) - by old age, due to old age

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decay, decrepitude

From root jṛ 'to waste away, grow old'

Root: jṛ (class 1)

अभिपरिप्लुतः (abhipariplutaḥ) - overcome, overwhelmed, deluged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhiparipluta

plu - to float, swim, overflow

Past Passive Participle

From root plu with prefixes abhi and pari, suffix kta

Prefixes: abhi+pari

Root: plu (class 1)

म्रियते (mriyate) - dies

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of mṛ

root

Root: mṛ (class 1)

रुदताम् (rudatām) - of those weeping, of the weeping ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rudat

rud - to weep, cry

Present Active Participle

From root rud 'to weep', suffix śatṛ

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Participle used substantively.

मध्ये (madhye) - in the midst of, among

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as a postposition governing the genitive case.

ज्ञातीनाम् (jñātīnām) - of relatives, of kinsmen

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - relative, kinsman, clan, family

From root jñā 'to know'

Root: jñā (class 9)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पूरुषः (pūruṣaḥ) - a true man (person, man, male, cosmic person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, male, human being, the Supreme Being, cosmic person