महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-4, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
एवमुक्तस्ततो राजा गौतमेन यशस्विना ।
निःश्वस्य दीर्घमुष्णं च तूष्णीमासीद्विशां पते ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
evamuktastato rājā gautamena yaśasvinā ,
niḥśvasya dīrghamuṣṇaṁ ca tūṣṇīmāsīdviśāṁ pate.

1. sañjaya uvāca evam uktaḥ tataḥ rājā gautamena yaśasvinā
niḥśvasya dīrgham uṣṇam ca tūṣṇīm āsīt viśām pate

1. sañjaya uvāca gautamena yaśasvinā evam uktaḥ tataḥ
rājā dīrgham uṣṇam ca niḥśvasya tūṣṇīm āsīt viśām pate

1. Sañjaya said: "Having thus been addressed by the renowned Gautama, the king then sighed deeply and warmly, and remained silent, O lord of men."

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya (the narrator) (Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and advisor))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• एवम् (evam) - thus (referring to the preceding speech) (thus, so, in this manner, as)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, therefore)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (king)

• गौतमेन (gautamena) - by Gautama (referring to Kṛpa) (by Gautama (a lineage name for Kṛpa))

• यशस्विना (yaśasvinā) - by the renowned (by the renowned, by the famous, by the glorious)

• निःश्वस्य (niḥśvasya) - having sighed (having sighed, having exhaled)

• दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - deeply (adverbially modifying 'sighed') (long, tall, protracted)

• उष्णम् (uṣṇam) - warmly (adverbially modifying 'sighed') (hot, warm, passionate)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently (silently, quietly, in silence)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - remained (silent) (he was, he remained)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of men (referring to subjects/people) (of people, of subjects)

• पते (pate) - O lord (of men) (O lord, O master)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya (the narrator) (Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and advisor))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (name of a charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus (referring to the preceding speech) (thus, so, in this manner, as)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'rājā'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, therefore)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + tas (ablative suffix)

राजा (rājā) - the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

गौतमेन (gautamena) - by Gautama (referring to Kṛpa) (by Gautama (a lineage name for Kṛpa))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gautama

gautama - descendant of Gotama, name of Kṛpa

From Gotama + a (patronymic)

यशस्विना (yaśasvinā) - by the renowned (by the renowned, by the famous, by the glorious)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - famous, glorious, renowned, celebrated

From yaśas (fame, glory) + vin (possessive suffix)

Note: Agrees with 'gautamena'.

निःश्वस्य (niḥśvasya) - having sighed (having sighed, having exhaled)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From nis-śvas (to breathe)

Prefix: nis

Root: śvas (class 2)

दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - deeply (adverbially modifying 'sighed') (long, tall, protracted)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīrgha

dīrgha - long, tall, deep, protracted

Note: Adverbial usage.

उष्णम् (uṣṇam) - warmly (adverbially modifying 'sighed') (hot, warm, passionate)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uṣṇa

uṣṇa - hot, warm, ardent, passionate

Root: uṣ (class 1)

Note: Adverbial usage.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently (silently, quietly, in silence)

(indeclinable)

An adverb formed from a noun 'tūṣṇī' (silence).

Note: Functions adverbially.

आसीत् (āsīt) - remained (silent) (he was, he remained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Tense

parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Root: as (class 2)

विशाम् (viśām) - of men (referring to subjects/people) (of people, of subjects)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, community, clan, subject

Root: viś (class 6)

पते (pate) - O lord (of men) (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, protector

Note: Forms a compound vocative with 'viśām'.