महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-4, verse-39

घटमाना मदर्थेऽस्मिन्हताः शूरा जनाधिपाः ।
शेरते लोहिताक्ताङ्गाः पृथिव्यां शरविक्षताः ॥३९॥

39. ghaṭamānā madarthe'sminhatāḥ śūrā janādhipāḥ ,
śerate lohitāktāṅgāḥ pṛthivyāṁ śaravikṣatāḥ.

39. ghaṭamānāḥ madarthe asmin hatāḥ śūrāḥ janādhipāḥ
śerate lohitāktāṅgāḥ pṛthivyām śaravikṣatāḥ

39. asmin madarthe ghaṭamānāḥ śūrāḥ janādhipāḥ hatāḥ.
lohitāktāṅgāḥ śaravikṣatāḥ pṛthivyām śerate.

39. These brave kings, who were striving here for my sake, have been slain. Their bodies smeared with blood and pierced by arrows, they lie on the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• घटमानाः (ghaṭamānāḥ) - striving, endeavoring, exerting themselves

• मदर्थे (madarthe) - for my sake, for my purpose

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this context (e.g., this battle or situation) (in this, here)

• हताः (hatāḥ) - killed, slain, destroyed

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave, valorous, heroic

• जनाधिपाः (janādhipāḥ) - kings, rulers, lords of men

• शेरते (śerate) - they lie, they rest

• लोहिताक्ताङ्गाः (lohitāktāṅgāḥ) - with limbs smeared with blood, whose bodies are covered in blood

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, on the ground

• शरविक्षताः (śaravikṣatāḥ) - wounded by arrows, pierced by arrows

Words meanings and morphology

घटमानाः (ghaṭamānāḥ) - striving, endeavoring, exerting themselves

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ghaṭamāna

ghaṭamāna - striving, endeavoring, occurring, being, happening

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root ghaṭ (to strive, to occur) with the middle voice present participle suffix -māna.

Root: ghaṭ (class 1)

मदर्थे (madarthe) - for my sake, for my purpose

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of madartha

madartha - my purpose, my object, for my sake

Compound type : tatpurusha (mad+artha)

• mad – my
  pronoun
  Genitive singular form of 'aham' (I)
• artha – purpose, object, meaning, wealth, sake
  noun (masculine)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this context (e.g., this battle or situation) (in this, here)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here, present

हताः (hatāḥ) - killed, slain, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - killed, struck, slain, injured, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with suffix -ta.

Root: han (class 2)

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave, valorous, heroic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, valorous, heroic; a hero, warrior

जनाधिपाः (janādhipāḥ) - kings, rulers, lords of men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of janādhipa

janādhipa - king, ruler, lord of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (jana+adhipa)

• jana – person, man, people
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master, king
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi

शेरते (śerate) - they lie, they rest

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Root: śī (class 2)

लोहिताक्ताङ्गाः (lohitāktāṅgāḥ) - with limbs smeared with blood, whose bodies are covered in blood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of lohitāktāṅga

lohitāktāṅga - having limbs smeared with blood

Compound type : bahuvrihi (lohita+ākta+aṅga)

• lohita – red, reddish, blood
  noun (neuter)
• ākta – smeared, anointed, covered, filled with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root añj (to anoint, smear).
  Root: añj (class 7)
• aṅga – limb, body, part, member
  noun (neuter)

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, world, land

शरविक्षताः (śaravikṣatāḥ) - wounded by arrows, pierced by arrows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śaravikṣata

śaravikṣata - wounded by arrows, pierced by arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+vikṣata)

• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
• vikṣata – wounded, injured, hurt, cut
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṣan (to hurt) with prefix vi-.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kṣan (class 8)