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9,4

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-4, verse-16

दुःशासनेन यत्कृष्णा एकवस्त्रा रजस्वला ।
परिक्लिष्टा सभामध्ये सर्वलोकस्य पश्यतः ॥१६॥
16. duḥśāsanena yatkṛṣṇā ekavastrā rajasvalā ,
parikliṣṭā sabhāmadhye sarvalokasya paśyataḥ.
16. duḥśāsanena yat kṛṣṇā ekavastrā rajasvalā
parikliṣṭā sabhā-madhye sarvalokasya paśyataḥ
16. yat kṛṣṇā ekavastrā rajasvalā duḥśāsanena
sarvalokasya paśyataḥ sabhā-madhye parikliṣṭā (āsīt)
16. The fact that Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī), dressed in a single garment and menstruating, was tormented by Duḥśāsana in the middle of the assembly, while all the people watched.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • दुःशासनेन (duḥśāsanena) - by the Kaurava prince Duḥśāsana (by Duḥśāsana)
  • यत् (yat) - introduces the factual clause that follows (that, which, because)
  • कृष्णा (kṛṣṇā) - Draupadī, wife of the Pāṇḍavas (Kṛṣṇā)
  • एकवस्त्रा (ekavastrā) - clad in a single garment
  • रजस्वला (rajasvalā) - menstruating
  • परिक्लिष्टा (parikliṣṭā) - harassed and insulted publicly (humiliated, tormented, distressed)
  • सभा-मध्ये (sabhā-madhye) - in the midst of the assembly
  • सर्वलोकस्य (sarvalokasya) - of all people, of the entire world
  • पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while seeing, in the sight of

Words meanings and morphology

दुःशासनेन (duḥśāsanena) - by the Kaurava prince Duḥśāsana (by Duḥśāsana)
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana
duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (a son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
यत् (yat) - introduces the factual clause that follows (that, which, because)
(indeclinable)
कृष्णा (kṛṣṇā) - Draupadī, wife of the Pāṇḍavas (Kṛṣṇā)
(proper noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā
kṛṣṇā - Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī), dark-complexioned woman
एकवस्त्रा (ekavastrā) - clad in a single garment
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of ekavastrā
ekavastra - having a single garment
Compound type : bahuvrihi (eka+vastra)
  • eka – one, single, unique
    numeral (neuter)
  • vastra – garment, cloth, clothing
    noun (neuter)
रजस्वला (rajasvalā) - menstruating
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of rajasvalā
rajasvalā - menstruating, in menses
परिक्लिष्टा (parikliṣṭā) - harassed and insulted publicly (humiliated, tormented, distressed)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of parikliṣṭa
parikliṣṭa - tormented, distressed, humiliated
Past Passive Participle
From root kliś (to torment) with upasarga pari-
Prefix: pari
Root: kliś (class 4)
सभा-मध्ये (sabhā-madhye) - in the midst of the assembly
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of sabhā-madhya
sabhā-madhya - middle of the assembly
Compound type : tatpurusha (sabhā+madhya)
  • sabhā – assembly, court, council
    noun (feminine)
  • madhya – middle, midst, center
    noun (neuter)
सर्वलोकस्य (sarvalokasya) - of all people, of the entire world
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of sarvaloka
sarvaloka - all people, the whole world
Compound type : karmadharaya (sarva+loka)
  • sarva – all, every, whole
    adjective (neuter)
  • loka – world, people, mankind
    noun (masculine)
पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while seeing, in the sight of
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of paśyat
paśyat - seeing, looking, observing
Present Active Participle
From root dṛś (to see), present stem paśya-
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'sarvalokasya'