महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-4, verse-21

कथं च नाम भुक्त्वेमां पृथिवीं सागराम्बराम् ।
पाण्डवानां प्रसादेन भुञ्जीयां राज्यमल्पकम् ॥२१॥

21. kathaṁ ca nāma bhuktvemāṁ pṛthivīṁ sāgarāmbarām ,
pāṇḍavānāṁ prasādena bhuñjīyāṁ rājyamalpakam.

21. katham ca nāma bhuktvā imām pṛthivīm sāgarāmbarām
pāṇḍavānām prasādena bhuñjīya rājyam alpakam

21. katham ca nāma imām sāgarāmbarām pṛthivīm bhuktvā,
pāṇḍavānām prasādena alpakam rājyam bhuñjīya?

21. And how indeed could I, having ruled this earth with the oceans as its garment, then accept and enjoy a mere small kingdom by the favor of the Pāṇḍavas?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• च (ca) - and, also

• नाम (nāma) - Used to emphasize the question or statement (indeed, by name, as it were)

• भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having ruled (having enjoyed, having eaten, having ruled)

• इमाम् (imām) - this

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth

• सागराम्बराम् (sāgarāmbarām) - whose garment is the ocean, ocean-garmented

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• प्रसादेन (prasādena) - by the grace, by the favor, by the clemency

• भुञ्जीय (bhuñjīya) - may I enjoy, should I enjoy, I would enjoy

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

• अल्पकम् (alpakam) - a mere small (kingdom) (small, little, trifling)

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

नाम (nāma) - Used to emphasize the question or statement (indeed, by name, as it were)

(indeclinable)

भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having ruled (having enjoyed, having eaten, having ruled)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of the root 'bhuj'.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

इमाम् (imām) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground

सागराम्बराम् (sāgarāmbarām) - whose garment is the ocean, ocean-garmented

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sāgarāmbarā

sāgarāmbarā - ocean-garmented (having the ocean as a garment)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sāgara+ambara)

• sāgara – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
• ambara – garment, clothing, sky
  noun (neuter)

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Patronymic of Pāṇḍu

प्रसादेन (prasādena) - by the grace, by the favor, by the clemency

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prasāda

prasāda - grace, favor, clemency, tranquility

From root 'sad' (to sit, settle) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

भुञ्जीय (bhuñjīya) - may I enjoy, should I enjoy, I would enjoy

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, Optative (liṅ) of bhuj

Optative mood, ātmanepada, 1st person singular.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

From root 'rāj' (to rule)

Root: rāj (class 1)

अल्पकम् (alpakam) - a mere small (kingdom) (small, little, trifling)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of alpaka

alpaka - small, little, trifling, insignificant

Derived from 'alpa' (small) with 'ka' suffix, indicating dimunition or endearment.