महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-4, verse-13

मध्यमः पाण्डवस्तीक्ष्णो भीमसेनो महाबलः ।
प्रतिज्ञातं च तेनोग्रं स भज्येत न संनमेत् ॥१३॥

13. madhyamaḥ pāṇḍavastīkṣṇo bhīmaseno mahābalaḥ ,
pratijñātaṁ ca tenograṁ sa bhajyeta na saṁnamet.

13. madhyamaḥ pāṇḍavaḥ tīkṣṇaḥ bhīmasenaḥ mahābalaḥ
pratijñātam ca tena ugram sa bhajyeta na saṃnamet

13. madhyamaḥ tīkṣṇaḥ mahābalaḥ pāṇḍavaḥ bhīmasenaḥ
ca tena ugram pratijñātam sa bhajyeta na saṃnamet

13. Bhīmasena, the fierce and very mighty middle Pāṇḍava, also made a terrible vow. He would break rather than bend.

Words meanings summery:

• मध्यमः (madhyamaḥ) - middle, central, intermediate

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - a descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

• तीक्ष्णः (tīkṣṇaḥ) - sharp, fierce, keen, severe

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (name of the second Pāṇḍava)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - very mighty, of great strength

• प्रतिज्ञातम् (pratijñātam) - vowed, promised, declared (noun: a vow)

• च (ca) - and, also

• तेन (tena) - Refers to Bhīmasena. (by him, by that)

• उग्रम् (ugram) - fierce, terrible, severe, mighty

• स (sa) - Refers to Bhīmasena. (he, that)

• भज्येत (bhajyeta) - he would break, he might be broken

• न (na) - not, no

• संनमेत् (saṁnamet) - he would bend, he would bow down

Words meanings and morphology

मध्यमः (madhyamaḥ) - middle, central, intermediate

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhyama

madhyama - middle, central, intermediate, moderate

Superlative/ordinal from madhya.

Note: Qualifies pāṇḍavaḥ.

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - a descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pāṇḍu (name of the father of the Pāṇḍavas)

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Subject of the first clause, refers to Bhīmasena.

तीक्ष्णः (tīkṣṇaḥ) - sharp, fierce, keen, severe

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, keen, fierce, hot, severe, pungent

From root tij (to be sharp).

Root: tij (class 6)

Note: Qualifies pāṇḍavaḥ/bhīmasenaḥ.

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (name of the second Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name of the second Pāṇḍava, literally 'having a terrible army' or 'terrible warrior')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable
  adjective
  From root bhī (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• senā – army, host, weapon
  noun (feminine)

Note: Apposition to pāṇḍavaḥ.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - very mighty, of great strength

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very mighty, powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies bhīmasenaḥ.

प्रतिज्ञातम् (pratijñātam) - vowed, promised, declared (noun: a vow)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratijñāta

pratijñāta - vowed, promised, declared; a promise, a vow

Past Passive Participle

From root jñā (to know) with prefix prati-.

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तेन (tena) - Refers to Bhīmasena. (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Agent of pratijñātam.

उग्रम् (ugram) - fierce, terrible, severe, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ugra

ugra - fierce, terrible, formidable, mighty, violent

Note: Modifying pratijñātam.

स (sa) - Refers to Bhīmasena. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Subject of bhajyeta and saṃnamet.

भज्येत (bhajyeta) - he would break, he might be broken

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhañj

Optative 3rd singular

Root bhañj (to break), class 7, passive form bhajya stem. Lakāra vidhi liṅ (Optative), 3rd person singular.

Root: bhañj (class 7)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

संनमेत् (saṁnamet) - he would bend, he would bow down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of saṃnam

Optative 3rd singular

Root nam (to bend, bow) with prefix sam-. Lakāra vidhi liṅ (Optative), 3rd person singular.

Prefix: sam

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Opposed to bhajyeta.