महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-4, verse-23

कथं भुक्त्वा स्वयं भोगान्दत्त्वा दायांश्च पुष्कलान् ।
कृपणं वर्तयिष्यामि कृपणैः सह जीविकाम् ॥२३॥

23. kathaṁ bhuktvā svayaṁ bhogāndattvā dāyāṁśca puṣkalān ,
kṛpaṇaṁ vartayiṣyāmi kṛpaṇaiḥ saha jīvikām.

23. katham bhuktvā svayam bhogān dattvā dāyān ca
puṣkalān kṛpaṇam vartayiṣyāmi kṛpaṇaiḥ saha jīvikām

23. svayam bhogān puṣkalān dāyān ca bhuktvā dattvā
katham kṛpaṇam kṛpaṇaiḥ saha jīvikām vartayiṣyāmi

23. After having personally enjoyed pleasures and given abundant gifts, how can I then lead a miserable existence alongside the wretched?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having enjoyed, having eaten

• स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, personally, by oneself

• भोगान् (bhogān) - enjoyments, pleasures, possessions

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given, having granted

• दायान् (dāyān) - gifts, shares, portions

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• पुष्कलान् (puṣkalān) - abundant, ample, copious, rich

• कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - miserably, pitifully, wretchedly

• वर्तयिष्यामि (vartayiṣyāmi) - I will live, I will maintain myself, I will exist

• कृपणैः (kṛpaṇaiḥ) - with the wretched, with the poor, with the miserable

• सह (saha) - with, along with, together with

• जीविकाम् (jīvikām) - livelihood, sustenance, means of living

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having enjoyed, having eaten

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'bhuj' (to enjoy/eat) with the suffix '-ktvā'

Root: bhuj (class 7)

स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, personally, by oneself

(indeclinable)

भोगान् (bhogān) - enjoyments, pleasures, possessions

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhoga

bhoga - enjoyment, pleasure, possession, food

From root 'bhuj' (to enjoy)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given, having granted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'dā' (to give) with the suffix '-ktvā'

Root: dā (class 3)

दायान् (dāyān) - gifts, shares, portions

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dāya

dāya - gift, share, portion, inheritance

From root 'dā' (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

पुष्कलान् (puṣkalān) - abundant, ample, copious, rich

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of puṣkala

puṣkala - abundant, ample, much, full, excellent

कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - miserably, pitifully, wretchedly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - miserable, wretched, poor, pitiable, stingy

From root 'kṛp' (to lament)

Root: kṛp (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially here.

वर्तयिष्यामि (vartayiṣyāmi) - I will live, I will maintain myself, I will exist

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vartay

Causative stem

Causative form of root 'vṛt' ('vartayati' meaning 'causes to be', 'maintains', 'leads a life')

Root: vṛt (class 1)

कृपणैः (kṛpaṇaiḥ) - with the wretched, with the poor, with the miserable

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - miserable, wretched, poor, pitiable, stingy

From root 'kṛp' (to lament)

Root: kṛp (class 1)

Note: Here used as a noun, referring to 'the wretched ones'.

सह (saha) - with, along with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the instrumental case.

जीविकाम् (jīvikām) - livelihood, sustenance, means of living

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jīvikā

jīvikā - livelihood, sustenance, means of living

Derived from root 'jīv' (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)