महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-37, verse-5

पितामहस्य महतो वर्तमाने महीतले ।
वितते यज्ञवाटे वै समेतेषु द्विजातिषु ॥५॥

5. pitāmahasya mahato vartamāne mahītale ,
vitate yajñavāṭe vai sameteṣu dvijātiṣu.

5. pitāmahasya mahataḥ vartamāne mahītale
vitate yajñavāṭe vai sameteṣu dvijātiṣu

5. mahatā pitāmahasya vartamāne mahītale
vitate yajñavāṭe vai sameteṣu dvijātiṣu

5. When the great Lord Brahmā's (Pitāmaha's) (Vedic ritual) was being performed on earth, in the expansive ritual ground (yajñavāṭa), and indeed, when the twice-born (dvijāti) were assembled.

Words meanings summery:

• पितामहस्य (pitāmahasya) - of Lord Brahmā, the creator (Pitāmaha) (of the grandfather, of Lord Brahmā)

• महतः (mahataḥ) - of the great, of the mighty

• वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - while existing, being current, ongoing

• महीतले (mahītale) - on the surface of the earth, on earth

• वितते (vitate) - in the expansive, in the spread-out

• यज्ञवाटे (yajñavāṭe) - in the sacrificial enclosure (in the ritual ground (yajñavāṭa))

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily (emphatic particle)

• समेतेषु (sameteṣu) - among the assembled, when assembled

• द्विजातिषु (dvijātiṣu) - among the twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas) who have undergone initiation (among the twice-born (dvijāti))

Words meanings and morphology

पितामहस्य (pitāmahasya) - of Lord Brahmā, the creator (Pitāmaha) (of the grandfather, of Lord Brahmā)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather; (epithet of) Brahmā

महतः (mahataḥ) - of the great, of the mighty

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, exalted

वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - while existing, being current, ongoing

(participle)

Locative, neuter, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - being, existing, present, current, living

Present Middle Participle

From root √vṛt (to be, exist, turn) + śānac suffix.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Qualifies an implicit `yajñe` (Vedic ritual) or `satre` in a locative absolute construction.

महीतले (mahītale) - on the surface of the earth, on earth

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahītala

mahītala - surface of the earth, the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+tala)

• mahī – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
  Root: mah
• tala – surface, plain, bottom, flat part
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tal

वितते (vitate) - in the expansive, in the spread-out

(participle)

Locative, neuter, singular of vitata

vitata - spread out, extensive, wide, expanded

Past Passive Participle

From root √tan (to stretch, extend) with upasarga `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Qualifies `yajñavāṭe`.

यज्ञवाटे (yajñavāṭe) - in the sacrificial enclosure (in the ritual ground (yajñavāṭa))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yajñavāṭa

yajñavāṭa - a sacrificial enclosure, ritual ground

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yajña+vāṭa)

• yajña – Vedic ritual, religious offering, worship (yajña)
  noun (masculine)
  From root √yaj (to worship, sacrifice).
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• vāṭa – enclosure, garden, ground, fence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaṭ

वै (vai) - indeed, verily (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

समेतेषु (sameteṣu) - among the assembled, when assembled

(participle)

Locative, masculine, plural of sameta

sameta - assembled, met, joined, collected

Past Passive Participle

From root √i (to go) with upasargas `sam` and `ā`.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Locative absolute construction with `dvijātiṣu`.

द्विजातिषु (dvijātiṣu) - among the twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas) who have undergone initiation (among the twice-born (dvijāti))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (referring to Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas after initiation); bird, tooth, snake

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, class, caste
  noun (feminine)
  From root √jan (to be born) + `ktin` suffix.
  Root: jan