महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-37, verse-43

ऋषिरुवाच ।
नान्यं देवादहं मन्ये रुद्रात्परतरं महत् ।
सुरासुरस्य जगतो गतिस्त्वमसि शूलधृक् ॥४३॥

43. ṛṣiruvāca ,
nānyaṁ devādahaṁ manye rudrātparataraṁ mahat ,
surāsurasya jagato gatistvamasi śūladhṛk.

43. ṛṣiḥ uvāca | na anyam devāt aham manye rudrāt parataram
mahat | surāsurasya jagataḥ gatiḥ tvam asi śūladhṛk

43. ṛṣiḥ uvāca aham devāt rudrāt parataram mahat anyam na manye śūladhṛk,
tvam surāsurasya jagataḥ gatiḥ asi

43. The sage said: "I do not consider any other god to be more supreme or greater than Rudra. O wielder of the trident (śūladhṛk), you are the refuge (gati) of the world (jagata) of gods and demons (sura-asura)."

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not, no

• अन्यम् (anyam) - other, another

• देवात् (devāt) - than a god, among gods

• अहम् (aham) - I

• मन्ये (manye) - I consider, I think

• रुद्रात् (rudrāt) - than Rudra (Shiva)

• परतरम् (parataram) - more supreme, higher, superior

• महत् (mahat) - great, mighty

• सुरासुरस्य (surāsurasya) - of gods and demons

• जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world, of the universe

• गतिः (gatiḥ) - refuge, resort, movement, goal

• त्वम् (tvam) - you, Rudra (you)

• असि (asi) - you are

• शूलधृक् (śūladhṛk) - O wielder of the trident (addressing Rudra/Shiva) (wielder of the trident, trident-bearer)

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

From root `ṛṣ` (to go, to move).

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect active 3rd singular

Formed from the root `vac` (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

Note: Negates the verb `manye`.

अन्यम् (anyam) - other, another

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Indefinite pronoun.

देवात् (devāt) - than a god, among gods

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

Note: Subject of `manye`.

मन्ये (manye) - I consider, I think

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Present middle 1st singular

Formed from the root `man` (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

रुद्रात् (rudrāt) - than Rudra (Shiva)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rudra

rudra - Rudra (a name of Shiva), howler

From root `rud` (to cry, to howl).

Root: rud (class 2)

परतरम् (parataram) - more supreme, higher, superior

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paratara

paratara - more excellent, superior, higher

Comparative degree of `para` (supreme, distant).

महत् (mahat) - great, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Present active participle

Present active participle from `mah` (to be great) used as an adjective.

Root: mah (class 1)

सुरासुरस्य (surāsurasya) - of gods and demons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of surāsura

surāsura - gods and demons

Compound noun.

Compound type : dvandva (sura+asura)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• asura – demon, titan
  noun (masculine)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Refers to the collective of gods and demons.

जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world, of the universe

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, moving, living beings

Present active participle

Often substantivized as 'the world'. From root `gam` (to go) with suffix `-at`.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `gatiḥ`.

गतिः (gatiḥ) - refuge, resort, movement, goal

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, course, refuge, resort, ultimate goal

Verbal noun

From root `gam` (to go) with suffix `-ti`.

Root: gam (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you, Rudra (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular or plural)

Second person pronoun.

Note: Subject of `asi`. Refers to Rudra.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present active 2nd singular

Formed from the root `as` (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

शूलधृक् (śūladhṛk) - O wielder of the trident (addressing Rudra/Shiva) (wielder of the trident, trident-bearer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūladhṛś

śūladhṛś - trident-bearer, wielder of the spear/trident (an epithet of Shiva)

Compound noun. `dhṛś` is an agent noun from root `dhṛ` (to bear) + suffix `kvin`. The final `ś` becomes `k` due to sandhi at the end of a sentence or before certain sounds.

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (śūla+dhṛś)

• śūla – spear, trident
  noun (masculine)
• dhṛś – bearing, holding, wielder
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root `dhṛ` (to bear, hold) with `kvin` suffix.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Used as an epithet/address for Rudra (Shiva).