महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-37, verse-42

ततो भस्म क्षताद्राजन्निर्गतं हिमसंनिभम् ।
तद्दृष्ट्वा व्रीडितो राजन्स मुनिः पादयोर्गतः ॥४२॥

42. tato bhasma kṣatādrājannirgataṁ himasaṁnibham ,
taddṛṣṭvā vrīḍito rājansa muniḥ pādayorgataḥ.

42. tataḥ bhasma kṣatāt rājan nirgatam himasaṃnibham
tat dṛṣṭvā vrīḍitaḥ rājan saḥ muniḥ pādayoḥ gataḥ

42. rājan,
tataḥ kṣatāt himasaṃnibham bhasma nirgatam rājan,
tat dṛṣṭvā saḥ muniḥ vrīḍitaḥ pādayoḥ gataḥ

42. Then, O king (rājan), snow-like ash emerged from the wound. Seeing that, O king (rājan), the sage, feeling ashamed, fell at his (Mahādeva's) feet.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• भस्म (bhasma) - ash, sacred ash

• क्षतात् (kṣatāt) - from the wound, from the injury

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• निर्गतम् (nirgatam) - issued forth, came out, emerged

• हिमसंनिभम् (himasaṁnibham) - snow-like, resembling snow

• तत् (tat) - that snow-like ash (that (ash))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• व्रीडितः (vrīḍitaḥ) - ashamed, embarrassed

• सः (saḥ) - that sage (that, he)

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic

• पादयोः (pādayoḥ) - at Mahādeva's feet (at the feet (of someone))

• गतः (gataḥ) - fell (at the feet) (went, approached, fallen)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time or sequence.

भस्म (bhasma) - ash, sacred ash

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhasman

bhasman - ash, cinders

Root: bhrāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of `nirgatam`.

क्षतात् (kṣatāt) - from the wound, from the injury

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kṣata

kṣata - wound, injury, hurt

Past Passive Participle

Often used as a noun meaning 'wound'. Formed from root `kṣan` (to hurt) with suffix `-ta`.

Root: kṣaṇ (class 8)

Note: Indicates the source from which the ash emerged.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

`n`-stem noun.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Appears twice in the verse, marking an address.

निर्गतम् (nirgatam) - issued forth, came out, emerged

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nirgata

nirgata - gone out, departed, issued forth

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root `gam` (to go) with prefix `nis-` (becomes `nir-` before voiced consonants).

Prefix: nis

Root: gam (class 1)

हिमसंनिभम् (himasaṁnibham) - snow-like, resembling snow

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of himasaṃnibha

himasaṁnibha - snow-like, resembling snow

Compound noun.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hima+saṃnibha)

• hima – snow, frost, cold
  noun (masculine)
• saṃnibha – resembling, like, similar to
  adjective
  From `sam-bhā` (to appear like).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhā (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that snow-like ash (that (ash))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of `dṛṣṭvā`.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

Formed from the root `dṛś` (to see) with suffix `-tvā`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

व्रीडितः (vrīḍitaḥ) - ashamed, embarrassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vrīḍita

vrīḍita - ashamed, embarrassed

Past Passive Participle

From root `vrīḍ` (to be ashamed) with suffix `-ita`.

Root: vrīḍ (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - that sage (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer

Root: man (class 4)

पादयोः (pādayoḥ) - at Mahādeva's feet (at the feet (of someone))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, dual of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Indicates location where the sage fell.

गतः (gataḥ) - fell (at the feet) (went, approached, fallen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, fallen, reached

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root `gam` (to go) with suffix `-ta`. Can function as a finite verb.

Root: gam (class 1)