महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-37, verse-22

उत्तरे कोसलाभागे पुण्ये राजन्महात्मनः ।
औद्दालकेन यजता पूर्वं ध्याता सरस्वती ॥२२॥

22. uttare kosalābhāge puṇye rājanmahātmanaḥ ,
auddālakena yajatā pūrvaṁ dhyātā sarasvatī.

22. uttare kosalābhāge puṇye rājan mahātmanaḥ
auddālakena yajatā pūrvaṃ dhyātā sarasvatī

22. rājan,
uttare puṇye kosalābhāge pūrvaṃ yajatā auddālakena mahātmanaḥ sarasvatī dhyātā

22. O King, in the sacred northern region of Kosala, the Sarasvatī [river], who was *of* the great-souled (mahātman) one, was formerly invoked (dhyātā) by Uddālaka as he was performing a Vedic ritual (yajña).

Words meanings summery:

• उत्तरे (uttare) - in the northern part (in the northern, in the upper)

• कोसलाभागे (kosalābhāge) - in the geographical region of Kosala (in the part/region of Kosala)

• पुण्ये (puṇye) - in the auspicious and pure region (in the sacred, in the holy)

• राजन् (rājan) - addressing the listener as royalty (O King)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - referring to the special Sarasvatī associated with the great-souled Uddālaka (of the great-souled, of the noble, of the magnificent)

• औद्दालकेन (auddālakena) - by the sage Uddālaka (by Uddālaka)

• यजता (yajatā) - while Uddālaka was performing the ritual (by sacrificing, while sacrificing)

• पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - at an earlier time (formerly, previously, before)

• ध्याता (dhyātā) - Sarasvatī was called upon or visualized (meditated upon, invoked, contemplated)

• सरस्वती (sarasvatī) - the goddess Sarasvati, or the personified Sarasvatī river (Sarasvati (name of a river or goddess))

Words meanings and morphology

उत्तरे (uttare) - in the northern part (in the northern, in the upper)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of uttara

uttara - northern, upper, later, following, superior

Note: Agrees with `kosalābhāge`.

कोसलाभागे (kosalābhāge) - in the geographical region of Kosala (in the part/region of Kosala)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kosalābhāga

kosalābhāga - region of Kosala, part of Kosala

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kosala+bhāga)

• kosala – Kosala (name of an ancient kingdom)
  proper noun (neuter)
• bhāga – part, portion, share, region
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the location.

पुण्ये (puṇye) - in the auspicious and pure region (in the sacred, in the holy)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of puṇya

puṇya - sacred, holy, auspicious, virtuous, meritorious

Note: Agrees with `kosalābhāge`.

राजन् (rājan) - addressing the listener as royalty (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

Note: Term of address.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - referring to the special Sarasvatī associated with the great-souled Uddālaka (of the great-souled, of the noble, of the magnificent)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, sublime; a great person (mahātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies Sarasvatī implicitly, meaning 'Sarasvati associated with the great-souled one (Uddalaka)'.

औद्दालकेन (auddālakena) - by the sage Uddālaka (by Uddālaka)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of auddālaki

auddālaki - descendant of Uddālaka; patronymic name, referring to the sage Uddālaka Āruṇi

patronymic of Uddālaka

Note: Agent of the passive verb `dhyātā`.

यजता (yajatā) - while Uddālaka was performing the ritual (by sacrificing, while sacrificing)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yajat

yajat - sacrificing, worshipping, offering

Present Active Participle

from root yaj (to sacrifice, worship)

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `auddālakena`.

पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - at an earlier time (formerly, previously, before)

(indeclinable)

adverbial form of 'pūrva'

Note: Adverb of time.

ध्याता (dhyātā) - Sarasvatī was called upon or visualized (meditated upon, invoked, contemplated)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhyāta

dhyāta - meditated upon, contemplated, invoked, thought of

Past Passive Participle

from root dhyai (to meditate, contemplate)

Root: dhyai (class 1)

Note: Main verb in passive voice, predicated on Sarasvatī.

सरस्वती (sarasvatī) - the goddess Sarasvati, or the personified Sarasvatī river (Sarasvati (name of a river or goddess))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sarasvatī

sarasvatī - Sarasvati (name of a sacred river, or the goddess of learning, music, and art)

Note: Subject of the sentence.