महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-27, verse-43

ततो गान्धारकैर्गुप्तं पृष्ठैरश्वैर्जये धृतम् ।
आससाद रणे यान्तं सहदेवोऽथ सौबलम् ॥४३॥

43. tato gāndhārakairguptaṁ pṛṣṭhairaśvairjaye dhṛtam ,
āsasāda raṇe yāntaṁ sahadevo'tha saubalam.

43. tataḥ gāndhārakaiḥ guptam pṛṣṭhaiḥ aśvaiḥ jaye
dhṛtam āsasāda raṇe yāntam sahadevaḥ atha saubalam

43. atha sahadevaḥ rane tataḥ gāndhārakaiḥ pṛṣṭhaiḥ
aśvaiḥ guptam jaye dhṛtam yāntam saubalam āsasāda

43. Then, Sahadeva, in battle, approached Saubala (Śakuni), who was advancing, protected by the Gāndhāra warriors and by his horses from behind, and who was intent on victory.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, therefore, from there

• गान्धारकैः (gāndhārakaiḥ) - Referring to Śakuni's warriors/followers. (by the Gāndhāras, by the people of Gāndhāra)

• गुप्तम् (guptam) - protected, guarded, concealed

• पृष्ठैः (pṛṣṭhaiḥ) - Indicating protection from the rear. (by the backs, from behind)

• अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses, with horses

• जये (jaye) - for victory, in victory, concerning victory

• धृतम् (dhṛtam) - 'Intent on victory', 'positioned for victory'. (held, supported, borne, intent on, positioned)

• आससाद (āsasāda) - he approached, he reached, he attained

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• यान्तम् (yāntam) - going, moving, advancing

• सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva (one of the Pāṇḍavas)

• अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon, moreover

• सौबलम् (saubalam) - Referring to Śakuni. (Saubala (son of Subala), referring to Śakuni)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, therefore, from there

(indeclinable)

गान्धारकैः (gāndhārakaiḥ) - Referring to Śakuni's warriors/followers. (by the Gāndhāras, by the people of Gāndhāra)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gāndhārakas

gāndhārakas - an inhabitant of Gāndhāra, belonging to Gāndhāra

Derived from Gāndhāra.

Note: Agent of guptam.

गुप्तम् (guptam) - protected, guarded, concealed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gupta

gupta - protected, guarded, hidden, concealed

Past Passive Participle

From root gup- (to protect, hide).

Root: gup (class 1)

पृष्ठैः (pṛṣṭhaiḥ) - Indicating protection from the rear. (by the backs, from behind)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of pṛṣṭha

pṛṣṭha - back, rear, surface, page

Root: pṛṣ (class 1)

अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses, with horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse, steed

Note: Agent of guptam.

जये (jaye) - for victory, in victory, concerning victory

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest

From root ji- (to conquer).

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Adverbial use, 'for the purpose of victory'.

धृतम् (dhṛtam) - 'Intent on victory', 'positioned for victory'. (held, supported, borne, intent on, positioned)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhṛta

dhṛta - held, borne, supported, firm, determined, intent

Past Passive Participle

From root dhṛ- (to hold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

आससाद (āsasāda) - he approached, he reached, he attained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of sad

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect form of root sad- with upasarga ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war, sound, pleasure

Root: raṇ (class 1)

यान्तम् (yāntam) - going, moving, advancing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yānt

yānt - going, moving, advancing

Present Active Participle

From root yā- (to go).

Root: yā (class 2)

सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva (one of the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (proper name), with the gods

Note: Subject of āsasāda.

अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon, moreover

(indeclinable)

सौबलम् (saubalam) - Referring to Śakuni. (Saubala (son of Subala), referring to Śakuni)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - descendant of Subala, Śakuni

Note: Object of āsasāda.