महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-27, verse-24

प्रत्याश्वस्य च दुर्धर्षः सहदेवो विशां पते ।
शकुनिं दशभिर्विद्ध्वा हयांश्चास्य त्रिभिः शरैः ।
धनुश्चिच्छेद च शरैः सौबलस्य हसन्निव ॥२४॥

24. pratyāśvasya ca durdharṣaḥ sahadevo viśāṁ pate ,
śakuniṁ daśabhirviddhvā hayāṁścāsya tribhiḥ śaraiḥ ,
dhanuściccheda ca śaraiḥ saubalasya hasanniva.

24. pratyāśvasya ca durdharṣaḥ sahadevaḥ
viśām pate śakunim daśabhiḥ viddhvā
hayān ca asya tribhiḥ śaraiḥ dhanuḥ
ciccheda ca śaraiḥ saubalasya hasan iva

24. viśām pate sahadevaḥ durdharṣaḥ ca pratyāśvasya
śakunim daśabhiḥ (śaraiḥ) viddhvā
ca asya hayān tribhiḥ śaraiḥ (viddhvā)
saubalasya dhanuḥ ca śaraiḥ hasan iva ciccheda

24. And recovering, the unassailable Sahadeva, O lord of men, pierced Shakuni with ten (arrows) and his horses with three arrows. He also cut down the bow of Saubala's son with arrows, as if laughing.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रत्याश्वस्य (pratyāśvasya) - having recovered [from his exertions or wounds] (having recovered, having consoled oneself)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• दुर्धर्षः (durdharṣaḥ) - unassailable (Sahadeva) (unassailable, invincible, difficult to conquer)

• सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva, one of the Pandava brothers (Sahadeva (proper name))

• विशाम् (viśām) - of men (as in 'lord of men') (of people, of subjects, of men)

• पते (pate) - O lord (O lord, O master)

• शकुनिम् (śakunim) - Shakuni, Duryodhana's maternal uncle (Shakuni (proper name))

• दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten [arrows] (with ten)

• विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having pierced (having pierced, having struck)

• हयान् (hayān) - Shakuni's horses (horses)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अस्य (asya) - his (referring to Shakuni) (of him, his)

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three [arrows] (with three)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - Shakuni's bow (bow)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut off, broke (cut, cut off, broke)

• च (ca) - also (and, also)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• सौबलस्य (saubalasya) - of Saubala's son (Shakuni) (of Saubala's son, of Shakuni)

• हसन् (hasan) - as if laughing (laughing, smiling)

• इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, as)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रत्याश्वस्य (pratyāśvasya) - having recovered [from his exertions or wounds] (having recovered, having consoled oneself)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from prefix 'prati' + 'ā' + root 'śvas' (to breathe) + suffix 'lyap' (for absolutive with prefixes).

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Functions as an adverbial modifier.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

दुर्धर्षः (durdharṣaḥ) - unassailable (Sahadeva) (unassailable, invincible, difficult to conquer)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durdharṣa

durdharṣa - unassailable, invincible, difficult to conquer

Gerundive (passive sense)

Formed from 'dur' (difficult) + root 'dhṛṣ' (to dare, attack) + suffix 'ṇa' or 'ya'.

Prefix: dur

Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva, one of the Pandava brothers (Sahadeva (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (name of a Pandava prince)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

विशाम् (viśām) - of men (as in 'lord of men') (of people, of subjects, of men)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, a house, community

Note: Part of the vocative address.

पते (pate) - O lord (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, husband

i-stem noun.

Note: Addresses the listener (Dhritarashtra).

शकुनिम् (śakunim) - Shakuni, Duryodhana's maternal uncle (Shakuni (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Shakuni (name of a Gandhara prince), a bird

Note: Object of 'viddhvā'.

दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten [arrows] (with ten)

(numeral)

विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having pierced (having pierced, having struck)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'vyadh' (to pierce) + suffix 'ktvā'. Irregular formation 'vyadh' -> 'viddh'.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Functions as an adverbial modifier.

हयान् (hayān) - Shakuni's horses (horses)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse, steed

Masculine noun ending in -a.

Note: Object of 'viddhvā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - his (referring to Shakuni) (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Referent is Shakuni.

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three [arrows] (with three)

(numeral)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Masculine noun ending in -a.

Note: Instrument of action for piercing.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - Shakuni's bow (bow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, archer's bow

Neuter s-stem noun.

Note: Object of 'ciccheda'.

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut off, broke (cut, cut off, broke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of chid

Perfect active 3rd singular

Reduplicated perfect form of root 'chid' (to cut). 'chid' (7th class) -> 'ciccheda'.

Root: chid (class 7)

च (ca) - also (and, also)

(indeclinable)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Masculine noun ending in -a.

Note: Instrument of action for cutting the bow.

सौबलस्य (saubalasya) - of Saubala's son (Shakuni) (of Saubala's son, of Shakuni)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - son of Subala, referring to Shakuni

Patronymic derived from Subala.

Note: Specifies whose bow was cut.

हसन् (hasan) - as if laughing (laughing, smiling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hasat

hasat - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

From root 'has' (to laugh) + suffix 'śatṛ'.

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Describes the state of Sahadeva while performing the action.

इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, as)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.