महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-27, verse-40

शक्तिं विनिहतां दृष्ट्वा सौबलं च भयार्दितम् ।
दुद्रुवुस्तावकाः सर्वे भये जाते ससौबलाः ॥४०॥

40. śaktiṁ vinihatāṁ dṛṣṭvā saubalaṁ ca bhayārditam ,
dudruvustāvakāḥ sarve bhaye jāte sasaubalāḥ.

40. śaktim vinihatām dṛṣṭvā saubalam ca bhayārditam
dudruvuḥ tāvakāḥ sarve bhaye jāte sasaubalāḥ

40. tāvakāḥ sarve sasaubalāḥ śaktim vinihatām saubalam
ca bhayārditam dṛṣṭvā bhaye jāte dudruvuḥ

40. Seeing their power (śakti) shattered and Saubala (Śakuni) afflicted by fear, all your warriors, accompanied by Saubala (Śakuni), fled when fear arose.

Words meanings summery:

• शक्तिम् (śaktim) - the military or divine power wielded by the opponent (power, strength, energy, capability, divine power (śakti))

• विनिहताम् (vinihatām) - utterly destroyed, struck down, defeated, shattered

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• सौबलम् (saubalam) - Referring to Śakuni, the maternal uncle of Duryodhana. (Saubala (son of Subala), referring to Śakuni)

• च (ca) - and, also

• भयार्दितम् (bhayārditam) - afflicted by fear, tormented by fear

• दुद्रुवुः (dudruvuḥ) - they fled, they ran away

• तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - Referring to Duryodhana's army/supporters. (your people, yours, your men)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• भये (bhaye) - in fear, at the time of fear

• जाते (jāte) - having arisen, when arisen, having occurred

• ससौबलाः (sasaubalāḥ) - Accompanied by Śakuni. (with Saubala, accompanied by Saubala)

Words meanings and morphology

शक्तिम् (śaktim) - the military or divine power wielded by the opponent (power, strength, energy, capability, divine power (śakti))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, strength, energy, capability, divine energy, the divine female principle (śakti)

Root: śak (class 5)

विनिहताम् (vinihatām) - utterly destroyed, struck down, defeated, shattered

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vinihata

vinihata - utterly destroyed, struck down, defeated

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root han- (to strike, kill) with upasargas vi- and ni-.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with śaktim.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dṛś- (to see) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सौबलम् (saubalam) - Referring to Śakuni, the maternal uncle of Duryodhana. (Saubala (son of Subala), referring to Śakuni)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - descendant of Subala, Śakuni

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भयार्दितम् (bhayārditam) - afflicted by fear, tormented by fear

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhayārdita

bhayārdita - afflicted by fear, tormented by fear

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+ardita)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• ardita – afflicted, distressed, tormented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ṛd- (to hurt) or ard- (to pain)
  Root: ṛd (class 6)

दुद्रुवुः (dudruvuḥ) - they fled, they ran away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of dru

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect.

Root: dru (class 1)

तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - Referring to Duryodhana's army/supporters. (your people, yours, your men)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, belonging to you, your people

Derived from tuvam (you).

Note: Subject of dudruvuḥ.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with tāvakāḥ.

भये (bhaye) - in fear, at the time of fear

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, terror

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

जाते (jāte) - having arisen, when arisen, having occurred

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, occurred

Past Passive Participle

From root jan- (to be born, produce).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with bhaye in a locative absolute construction.

ससौबलाः (sasaubalāḥ) - Accompanied by Śakuni. (with Saubala, accompanied by Saubala)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sasaubala

sasaubala - accompanied by Saubala, having Saubala with him/them

Bahuvrīhi compound with prefix sa-.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+saubala)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• saubala – descendant of Subala, Śakuni
  proper noun (masculine)