महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-70, verse-50

पृष्ठगोपास्तु तस्यासन्सौमदत्तिपुरोगमाः ।
कृपश्च वृषसेनश्च शलः शल्यश्च दुर्जयः ॥५०॥

50. pṛṣṭhagopāstu tasyāsansaumadattipurogamāḥ ,
kṛpaśca vṛṣasenaśca śalaḥ śalyaśca durjayaḥ.

50. pṛṣṭhagopāḥ tu tasya āsan saumadattipurhogamāḥ
kṛpaḥ ca vṛṣasenaḥ ca śalaḥ śalyaḥ ca durjayaḥ

50. tu tasya pṛṣṭhagopāḥ saumadattipurhogamāḥ āsan:
kṛpaḥ ca vṛṣasenaḥ ca śalaḥ ca durjayaḥ śalyaḥ

50. His rearguards, led by Saumadatti (Bhuriśravas), were Kṛpa, Vṛṣasena, Śala, and the unconquerable Śalya.

Words meanings summery:

• पृष्ठगोपाः (pṛṣṭhagopāḥ) - rearguards, guards of the back

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तस्य (tasya) - of Saindhava (his, of him)

• आसन् (āsan) - they were

• सौमदत्तिपुर्होगमाः (saumadattipurhogamāḥ) - Led by Bhuriśravas (son of Somadatta) (led by Saumadatti, with Saumadatti at the front)

• कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa (name of a warrior/guru)

• च (ca) - and

• वृषसेनः (vṛṣasenaḥ) - Son of Karṇa (Vṛṣasena (name of a warrior))

• च (ca) - and

• शलः (śalaḥ) - Śala (name of a warrior)

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya (name of a king)

• च (ca) - and

• दुर्जयः (durjayaḥ) - unconquerable, difficult to overcome

Words meanings and morphology

पृष्ठगोपाः (pṛṣṭhagopāḥ) - rearguards, guards of the back

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pṛṣṭhagopa

pṛṣṭhagopa - a rearguard, one who protects the rear

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛṣṭha+gopa)

• pṛṣṭha – back, rear
  noun (neuter)
• gopa – protector, guard
  noun (masculine)
  From root gup- 'to protect'.
  Root: gup (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - of Saindhava (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Saindhava (Jayadratha).

आसन् (āsan) - they were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Plural form for multiple subjects ('pṛṣṭhagopāḥ').

सौमदत्तिपुर्होगमाः (saumadattipurhogamāḥ) - Led by Bhuriśravas (son of Somadatta) (led by Saumadatti, with Saumadatti at the front)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saumadattipurhogama

saumadattipurhogama - having Saumadatti at the front, led by Saumadatti

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saumadatti+purhogama)

• saumadatti – son of Somadatta (Bhuriśravas)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Patronymic from Somadatta.
• purhogama – going before, leading, chief
  adjective
  Prefix: puras

Note: An adjective describing the rearguards.

कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa (name of a warrior/guru)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kṛpa (name of a warrior and preceptor, brother-in-law of Droṇa)

Note: One of the rearguards.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वृषसेनः (vṛṣasenaḥ) - Son of Karṇa (Vṛṣasena (name of a warrior))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛṣasena

vṛṣasena - Vṛṣasena (name of a son of Karṇa)

Note: One of the rearguards.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शलः (śalaḥ) - Śala (name of a warrior)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śala

śala - Śala (name of a king, brother of Śalya)

Note: One of the rearguards.

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (name of the king of Madra)

Note: One of the rearguards.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दुर्जयः (durjayaḥ) - unconquerable, difficult to overcome

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durjaya

durjaya - difficult to conquer, invincible, unconquerable

Compound of dur- (difficult) and jaya (victory).

Compound type : prādi-tatpuruṣa (dur+jaya)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard
  indeclinable
• jaya – victory, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  From root ji- 'to conquer'.
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Adjective for 'śalyaḥ'.