महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-70, verse-48

सैन्धवः पृष्ठतस्त्वासीत्सर्वसैन्यस्य भारत ।
रक्षितः परमेष्वासैः कृपप्रभृतिभी रथैः ॥४८॥

48. saindhavaḥ pṛṣṭhatastvāsītsarvasainyasya bhārata ,
rakṣitaḥ parameṣvāsaiḥ kṛpaprabhṛtibhī rathaiḥ.

48. saindhavaḥ pṛṣṭhataḥ tu āsīt sarvasainyasya bhārata
rakṣitaḥ parameṣvāsaiḥ kṛpaprabhṛtibhiḥ rathaiḥ

48. bhārata saindhavaḥ tu sarvasainyasya pṛṣṭhataḥ āsīt,
kṛpaprabhṛtibhiḥ parameṣvāsaiḥ rathaiḥ rakṣitaḥ

48. O Bhārata, Saindhava (Jayadratha) was indeed at the rear of the entire army, protected by Kṛpa and other excellent archers on their chariots.

Words meanings summery:

• सैन्धवः (saindhavaḥ) - Jayadratha (Saindhava, king of Sindhu)

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from the back, at the back, behind

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• सर्वसैन्यस्य (sarvasainyasya) - of the entire army

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhritarashtra (O descendant of Bharata)

• रक्षितः (rakṣitaḥ) - protected, guarded

• परमेष्वासैः (parameṣvāsaiḥ) - by excellent archers, by great bowmen

• कृपप्रभृतिभिः (kṛpaprabhṛtibhiḥ) - by Kṛpa and others

• रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots, by charioteers

Words meanings and morphology

सैन्धवः (saindhavaḥ) - Jayadratha (Saindhava, king of Sindhu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - of or belonging to Sindhu; a king of Sindhu (Jayadratha)

Note: Refers to Jayadratha, king of Sindhu.

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from the back, at the back, behind

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable formed with the suffix -tas from pṛṣṭha (back).

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: The prefix 'a-' indicates past imperfect (laṅ lakāra).

सर्वसैन्यस्य (sarvasainyasya) - of the entire army

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sarvasainya

sarvasainya - the whole army, entire army

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+sainya)

• sarva – all, every, whole, entire
  adjective
• sainya – army, host
  noun (neuter)

भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhritarashtra (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; a name of India

Note: Conventionally used by Saṃjaya to address Dhritarashtra.

रक्षितः (rakṣitaḥ) - protected, guarded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣita

rakṣita - protected, guarded, preserved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root rakṣ- 'to protect'.

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

परमेष्वासैः (parameṣvāsaiḥ) - by excellent archers, by great bowmen

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of parameṣvāsa

parameṣvāsa - an excellent archer, a great bowman

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parama+iṣvāsa)

• parama – supreme, excellent, highest
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow (weapon), archer
  noun (masculine)

कृपप्रभृतिभिः (kṛpaprabhṛtibhiḥ) - by Kṛpa and others

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kṛpaprabhṛti

kṛpaprabhṛti - Kṛpa and others, led by Kṛpa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛpa+prabhṛti)

• kṛpa – Kṛpa (name of a warrior/guru)
  proper noun (masculine)
• prabhṛti – beginning, onwards, and others
  noun (masculine)

रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots, by charioteers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car; warrior (on a chariot)

Note: Refers to the warriors driving chariots, aligning with 'parameṣvāsaiḥ'.