महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-70, verse-5

धृष्टद्युम्नमुखाः पार्था व्यूढानीकाः प्रहारिणः ।
द्रोणस्य सैन्यं ते सर्वे शरवर्षैरवाकिरन् ॥५॥

5. dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhāḥ pārthā vyūḍhānīkāḥ prahāriṇaḥ ,
droṇasya sainyaṁ te sarve śaravarṣairavākiran.

5. dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhāḥ pārthāḥ vyūḍhānīkāḥ prahāriṇaḥ
droṇasya sainyam te sarve śaravarṣaiḥ avākiran

5. dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhāḥ vyūḍhānīkāḥ prahāriṇaḥ te sarve
pārthāḥ droṇasya sainyam śaravarṣaiḥ avākiran

5. All those Pārthas, led by Dhṛṣṭadyumna, with their battle formations arrayed, attacked and showered Drona's army with torrents of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• धृष्टद्युम्नमुखाः (dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhāḥ) - headed by Dhṛṣṭadyumna, with Dhṛṣṭadyumna at the forefront

• पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pṛthā (Kuntī), i.e., the Pāṇḍavas

• व्यूढानीकाः (vyūḍhānīkāḥ) - having arranged armies, with forces arrayed

• प्रहारिणः (prahāriṇaḥ) - striking, attacking, assailing

• द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of Droṇa

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host of soldiers

• ते (te) - those, they

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with showers of arrows

• अवाकिरन् (avākiran) - they showered upon, they scattered

Words meanings and morphology

धृष्टद्युम्नमुखाः (dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhāḥ) - headed by Dhṛṣṭadyumna, with Dhṛṣṭadyumna at the forefront

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhṛṣṭadyumnamukha

dhṛṣṭadyumnamukha - having Dhṛṣṭadyumna as chief, led by Dhṛṣṭadyumna

Bahuvrihi compound: Dhṛṣṭadyumna + mukha (face, chief).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhṛṣṭadyumna+mukha)

• dhṛṣṭadyumna – Dhṛṣṭadyumna (a proper name, son of Drupada)
  proper noun (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth, chief, beginning
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'pārthāḥ'.

पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pṛthā (Kuntī), i.e., the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), name of Arjuna, or any of the Pāṇḍavas

Derived from Pṛthā with a patronymic suffix.

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍava warriors and their allies.

व्यूढानीकाः (vyūḍhānīkāḥ) - having arranged armies, with forces arrayed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyūḍhānīka

vyūḍhānīka - having arranged armies, with forces arrayed in formation

Bahuvrihi compound: vyūḍha (arranged) + anīka (army).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vyūḍha+anīka)

• vyūḍha – arranged, drawn up, extended
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vah 'to carry' with prefix vi, meaning 'arranged'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vah (class 1)
• anīka – army, host, face
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'pārthāḥ'.

प्रहारिणः (prahāriṇaḥ) - striking, attacking, assailing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prahārin

prahārin - striking, attacking, assailing, injuring

Agent noun

Derived from pra-hṛ 'to strike' with suffix -in.

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pārthāḥ'.

द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of Droṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (a proper name, the preceptor of Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Possessive case modifying 'sainyam'.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host of soldiers

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, pertaining to an army

Derived from senā (army).

Note: Direct object of 'avākiran'.

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'pārthāḥ'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'te pārthāḥ'.

शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with showers of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows, volley of arrows

Tatpurusha compound: śara (arrow) + varṣa (rain, shower).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower, year
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Instrument of action for 'avākiran'.

अवाकिरन् (avākiran) - they showered upon, they scattered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of avakīr

Imperfect

3rd person plural imperfect active. From ava-kīr (kṛ 'to scatter').

Prefix: ava

Root: kṛ (class 6)

Note: Verb performed by 'pārthāḥ'.