महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-70, verse-39

अजातशत्रुं कौन्तेयं ज्वलन्तमिव पावकम् ।
मद्राणामीश्वरः शल्यो राजा राजानमावृणोत् ॥३९॥

39. ajātaśatruṁ kaunteyaṁ jvalantamiva pāvakam ,
madrāṇāmīśvaraḥ śalyo rājā rājānamāvṛṇot.

39. ajātaśatrum kaunteyam jvalantam iva pāvakam
madrāṇām īśvaraḥ śalyaḥ rājā rājānam āvṛṇot

39. madrāṇām īśvaraḥ rājā śalyaḥ jvalantam iva
pāvakam ajātaśatrum kaunteyam rājānam āvṛṇot

39. King Śalya, the lord of the Madras, surrounded King Yudhiṣṭhira (ajātaśatru), Kuntī's son, who was blazing like a fire.

Words meanings summery:

• अजातशत्रुम् (ajātaśatrum) - Yudhiṣṭhira, whose enemies are not born (one whose enemies are not born)

• कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - Yudhiṣṭhira, son of Kuntī (son of Kuntī)

• ज्वलन्तम् (jvalantam) - blazing, burning

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• पावकम् (pāvakam) - fire, purifier

• मद्राणाम् (madrāṇām) - of the Madras

• ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - lord, master, ruler

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya

• राजा (rājā) - king

• राजानम् (rājānam) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

• आवृणोत् (āvṛṇot) - covered, surrounded, enveloped

Words meanings and morphology

अजातशत्रुम् (ajātaśatrum) - Yudhiṣṭhira, whose enemies are not born (one whose enemies are not born)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ajātaśatru

ajātaśatru - one whose enemies are not born, having no enemies, Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ajāta+śatru)

• ajāta – unborn, not born
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root jan (to be born) with prefix a- (negation)
  Prefix: a
  Root: jan (class 4)
• śatru – enemy, adversary
  noun (masculine)

कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - Yudhiṣṭhira, son of Kuntī (son of Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī, Pāṇḍava prince

Taddhita formation from Kuntī

ज्वलन्तम् (jvalantam) - blazing, burning

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jvalant

jvalant - blazing, shining, burning

Present Active Participle

Derived from root jval (to blaze)

Root: jval (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

पावकम् (pāvakam) - fire, purifier

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāvaka

pāvaka - fire, purifier, Agni

Derived from root pū (to purify)

Root: pū (class 1)

मद्राणाम् (madrāṇām) - of the Madras

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of madra

madra - Madra (a country/people)

ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - lord, master, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, ruler, controller

Derived from root īś (to be master of)

Root: īś (class 2)

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (name of the king of Madra)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

राजानम् (rājānam) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

आवृणोत् (āvṛṇot) - covered, surrounded, enveloped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āvṛ

Imperfect 3rd singular

Derived from root vṛ with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)