महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-70, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
प्रविष्टयोर्महाराज पार्थवार्ष्णेययोस्तदा ।
दुर्योधने प्रयाते च पृष्ठतः पुरुषर्षभे ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
praviṣṭayormahārāja pārthavārṣṇeyayostadā ,
duryodhane prayāte ca pṛṣṭhataḥ puruṣarṣabhe.

1. sañjaya uvāca praviṣṭayoḥ mahārāja pārthavārṣṇeyayoḥ
tadā duryodhane prayāte ca pṛṣṭhataḥ puruṣarṣabhe

1. sañjaya uvāca mahārāja puruṣarṣabhe tadā pārthavārṣṇeyayoḥ
praviṣṭayoḥ ca duryodhane pṛṣṭhataḥ prayāte

1. Sañjaya said: O great king, O best among men, when Pārtha (Arjuna) and Vārṣṇeya (Kṛṣṇa) had then entered [the array], and Duryodhana had departed to the rear...

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - The charioteer and narrator Sanjaya (Sanjaya (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• प्रविष्टयोः (praviṣṭayoḥ) - when Arjuna and Krishna had entered (of the two who had entered, when the two had entered)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

• पार्थवार्ष्णेययोः (pārthavārṣṇeyayoḥ) - of Arjuna and Krishna (of Pārtha and Vārṣṇeya)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - in Duryodhana, when Duryodhana

• प्रयाते (prayāte) - in the one who had departed, when he had departed

• च (ca) - and, also

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, behind, to the rear

• पुरुषर्षभे (puruṣarṣabhe) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of men)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - The charioteer and narrator Sanjaya (Sanjaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (the charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra), victory, victorious

Note: Speaker of the verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

Third person singular Perfect form. Root `vac` becomes `uvāc` in perfect.

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रविष्टयोः (praviṣṭayoḥ) - when Arjuna and Krishna had entered (of the two who had entered, when the two had entered)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, dual of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, gone in, penetrated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `viś` (to enter) with prefix `pra` and suffix `kta`.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Refers to Arjuna and Kṛṣṇa (`pārthavārṣṇeyayoḥ`).

महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

पार्थवार्ष्णेययोः (pārthavārṣṇeyayoḥ) - of Arjuna and Krishna (of Pārtha and Vārṣṇeya)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, dual of pārthavārṣṇeya

pārthavārṣṇeya - Pārtha (Arjuna) and Vārṣṇeya (Kṛṣṇa)

Dvandva compound.

Compound type : dvandva (pārtha+vārṣṇeya)

• pārtha – son of Pṛthā (Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīmasena)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Patronymic from Pṛthā (Kuntī).
• vārṣṇeya – descendant of Vṛṣṇi (Kṛṣṇa)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Patronymic from Vṛṣṇi.

Note: Agrees with `praviṣṭayoḥ`, forming a locative absolute construction.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from `tad` (that) with suffix `dā`.

दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - in Duryodhana, when Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

प्रयाते (prayāte) - in the one who had departed, when he had departed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of prayāta

prayāta - gone forth, departed, gone, dead

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `yā` (to go) with prefix `pra` and suffix `kta`.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `duryodhane`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two locative absolute constructions.

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, behind, to the rear

(indeclinable)

Derived from `pṛṣṭha` (back) with suffix `tas`.

पुरुषर्षभे (puruṣarṣabhe) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - best of men, chief of men (epithet)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, person, male
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.