महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-70, verse-43

विन्दानुविन्दावावन्त्यौ विराटं मत्स्यमार्छताम् ।
प्राणांस्त्यक्त्वा महेष्वासौ मित्रार्थेऽभ्युद्यतौ युधि ॥४३॥

43. vindānuvindāvāvantyau virāṭaṁ matsyamārchatām ,
prāṇāṁstyaktvā maheṣvāsau mitrārthe'bhyudyatau yudhi.

43. vindānuvindau āvantyau virāṭam matsyam āṛcchatām
prāṇān tyaktvā maheṣvāsau mitrārthe abhyudyatau yudhi

43. āvantyau vindānuvindau maheṣvāsau mitrārthe yudhi
abhyudyatau prāṇān tyaktvā matsyam virāṭam āṛcchatām

43. The two great archers, Vind and Anuvinda, princes of Avanti, for the sake of their friend, stood ready in battle, having resolved to give up their lives, and attacked King Virāṭa, the Matsya.

Words meanings summery:

• विन्दानुविन्दौ (vindānuvindau) - The two brothers Vind and Anuvinda, princes of Avanti (Vind and Anuvinda)

• आवन्त्यौ (āvantyau) - the two princes of Avanti (belonging to Avanti, of Avanti, prince of Avanti)

• विराटम् (virāṭam) - King Virāṭa (Virāṭa)

• मत्स्यम् (matsyam) - King Virāṭa, who was the king of the Matsyas (Matsya; fish)

• आऋच्छताम् (āṛcchatām) - they attacked (they went, they attacked, they reached)

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - their lives (lives, breaths, vital airs)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having given up (having abandoned, having given up)

• महेष्वासौ (maheṣvāsau) - the two great archers (great archers)

• मित्रार्थे (mitrārthe) - for the sake of their friend (for the sake of a friend, for friendship's sake)

• अभ्युद्यतौ (abhyudyatau) - stood ready (risen, prepared, ready)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in fight)

Words meanings and morphology

विन्दानुविन्दौ (vindānuvindau) - The two brothers Vind and Anuvinda, princes of Avanti (Vind and Anuvinda)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vindānuvinda

vindānuvinda - Vind and Anuvinda (two proper names)

Compound type : dvandva (vinda+anuvinda)

• vinda – Vinda (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• anuvinda – Anuvinda (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)

आवन्त्यौ (āvantyau) - the two princes of Avanti (belonging to Avanti, of Avanti, prince of Avanti)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of āvantya

āvantya - relating to Avanti; a resident of Avanti, a prince of Avanti

Derived from Avanti (अवन्ति) by adding the taddhita suffix -ya (य) to denote 'belonging to' or 'descendant of'

Note: Used here as a substantive, referring to the princes of Avanti

विराटम् (virāṭam) - King Virāṭa (Virāṭa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - King Virāṭa (name of the Matsya king)

मत्स्यम् (matsyam) - King Virāṭa, who was the king of the Matsyas (Matsya; fish)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of matsya

matsya - a fish; the Matsyas (a people/kingdom); King of the Matsyas

Note: Here refers to the king or the people/kingdom associated with Virāṭa

आऋच्छताम् (āṛcchatām) - they attacked (they went, they attacked, they reached)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āṛcch

Imperfect

augment 'ā' + root 'ṛcch' in the imperfect, 3rd dual ending 'tām'

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛcch (class 1)

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - their lives (lives, breaths, vital airs)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, spirit

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having given up (having abandoned, having given up)

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

Formed from root √tyaj (to abandon) with the suffix -ktvā

Root: tyaj (class 1)

महेष्वासौ (maheṣvāsau) - the two great archers (great archers)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - a great archer, having a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+īṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• īṣvāsa – bow
  noun (masculine)

मित्रार्थे (mitrārthe) - for the sake of their friend (for the sake of a friend, for friendship's sake)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mitrārtha

mitrārtha - for the sake of a friend, purpose of a friend

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mitra+artha)

• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, sake, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative used to express 'for the sake of'

अभ्युद्यतौ (abhyudyatau) - stood ready (risen, prepared, ready)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of abhyudyata

abhyudyata - risen up, prepared, ready, undertaken

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root √yam (to strive, control) with upasargas abhi and ud. Literally 'risen towards'

Prefixes: abhi+ud

Root: yam (class 1)

युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in fight)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war