महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-70, verse-2

जवेनाभ्यद्रवन्द्रोणं महता निस्वनेन च ।
पाण्डवाः सोमकैः सार्धं ततो युद्धमवर्तत ॥२॥

2. javenābhyadravandroṇaṁ mahatā nisvanena ca ,
pāṇḍavāḥ somakaiḥ sārdhaṁ tato yuddhamavartata.

2. javena abhyadravan droṇaṃ mahatā nisvanena ca
pāṇḍavāḥ somakaiḥ sārdhaṃ tataḥ yuddham avartata

2. tataḥ pāṇḍavāḥ somakaiḥ sārdhaṃ mahatā nisvanena
ca javena droṇaṃ abhyadravan yuddham avartata

2. Then the Pāṇḍavas, accompanied by the Somakas, swiftly rushed towards Droṇa with a mighty roar, and thereupon the battle commenced.

Words meanings summery:

• जवेन (javena) - with speed, swiftly

• अभ्यद्रवन् (abhyadravan) - they rushed towards

• द्रोणं (droṇaṁ) - Droṇa (accusative)

• महता (mahatā) - with a great, by a great

• निस्वनेन (nisvanena) - with a sound, with a roar

• च (ca) - and, also

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

• सोमकैः (somakaiḥ) - with the allied Somaka warriors (with the Somakas)

• सार्धं (sārdhaṁ) - together with, along with

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

• अवर्तत (avartata) - it turned, it ensued, it took place

Words meanings and morphology

जवेन (javena) - with speed, swiftly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of java

java - speed, swiftness, force, impulse

Derived from root `jū` (to speed, hasten).

Root: jū

Note: Adverbial usage.

अभ्यद्रवन् (abhyadravan) - they rushed towards

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-dru

Imperfect

Third person plural Imperfect form. Prefix `abhi`.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Subject is `pāṇḍavāḥ`.

द्रोणं (droṇaṁ) - Droṇa (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of the teacher of Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas), bucket, measure

महता (mahatā) - with a great, by a great

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

Note: Agrees with `nisvanena`.

निस्वनेन (nisvanena) - with a sound, with a roar

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nisvana

nisvana - sound, noise, roar

Derived from root `svan` (to sound) with prefix `ni`.

Prefix: ni

Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Adverbial usage.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the instrumental phrases (speed and roar).

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

सोमकैः (somakaiḥ) - with the allied Somaka warriors (with the Somakas)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of somaka

somaka - Somaka (name of a king, or a group of warriors allied with Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Used with `sārdham`.

सार्धं (sārdhaṁ) - together with, along with

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Derived from `tad` (that) with suffix `tas`.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Derived from root `yudh` (to fight) with suffix `kta`.

Root: yudh (class 4)

अवर्तत (avartata) - it turned, it ensued, it took place

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Imperfect (ātmanepada)

Third person singular Imperfect form, ātmanepada. The 'a' prefix is for Imperfect tense.

Root: vṛt (class 1)