महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-162, verse-4

रथैर्हया हयैर्नागाः पादाताश्चापि कुञ्जरैः ।
हया हयैः समाजग्मुः पादाताश्च पदातिभिः ।
संसक्ताश्च वियुक्ताश्च योधाः संन्यपतन्रणे ॥४॥

4. rathairhayā hayairnāgāḥ pādātāścāpi kuñjaraiḥ ,
hayā hayaiḥ samājagmuḥ pādātāśca padātibhiḥ ,
saṁsaktāśca viyuktāśca yodhāḥ saṁnyapatanraṇe.

4. rathaiḥ hayāḥ hayaiḥ nāgāḥ pādātāḥ ca
api kuñjaraiḥ hayāḥ hayaiḥ samājagmuḥ
pādātāḥ ca padātibhiḥ saṃsaktāḥ
ca viyuktāḥ ca yodhāḥ sannyapatan raṇe

4. hayāḥ rathaiḥ,
nāgāḥ hayaiḥ,
ca api pādātāḥ kuñjaraiḥ.
hayāḥ hayaiḥ samājagmuḥ,
ca pādātāḥ padātibhiḥ.
saṃsaktāḥ ca viyuktāḥ ca yodhāḥ raṇe sannyapatan.

4. Horses clashed with chariots, elephants with horses, and foot soldiers also with elephants. Horses met horses, and foot soldiers engaged with other foot soldiers. Warriors, both entangled in combat and separated, fell in the battle.

Words meanings summery:

• रथैः (rathaiḥ) - chariots (as instruments or opponents) (by chariots, with chariots)

• हयाः (hayāḥ) - cavalry, warhorses (horses)

• हयैः (hayaiḥ) - horses (as instruments or opponents) (by horses, with horses)

• नागाः (nāgāḥ) - war elephants (elephants, serpents, large snakes)

• पादाताः (pādātāḥ) - foot soldiers, infantry

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• कुञ्जरैः (kuñjaraiḥ) - elephants (as instruments or opponents) (by elephants, with elephants)

• हयाः (hayāḥ) - cavalry, warhorses (horses)

• हयैः (hayaiḥ) - horses (as opponents) (by horses, with horses)

• समाजग्मुः (samājagmuḥ) - they clashed (in battle) (they came together, they met, they encountered)

• पादाताः (pādātāḥ) - foot soldiers, infantry

• च (ca) - and, also

• पदातिभिः (padātibhiḥ) - by foot soldiers, with foot soldiers

• संसक्ताः (saṁsaktāḥ) - entangled in combat (engaged, attached, connected)

• च (ca) - and, also

• वियुक्ताः (viyuktāḥ) - separated from their units or specific opponents, or simply not actively engaged at the moment of falling (disengaged, separated, detached)

• च (ca) - and, also

• योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters

• सन्न्यपतन् (sannyapatan) - they fell dead or wounded (they fell down, they collapsed)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

Words meanings and morphology

रथैः (rathaiḥ) - chariots (as instruments or opponents) (by chariots, with chariots)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Used in a context of fighting "against" or "with".

हयाः (hayāḥ) - cavalry, warhorses (horses)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse, steed

Root: hi (class 3)

Note: Subject of an implied verb of fighting/clashing.

हयैः (hayaiḥ) - horses (as instruments or opponents) (by horses, with horses)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse, steed

Root: hi (class 3)

Note: Used in a context of fighting "against" or "with".

नागाः (nāgāḥ) - war elephants (elephants, serpents, large snakes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - elephant, serpent, large snake, specific tribe/people

Note: Subject of an implied verb of fighting/clashing.

पादाताः (pādātāḥ) - foot soldiers, infantry

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pādāta

pādāta - foot soldier, infantry

Derived from pada (foot)

Note: Subject of an implied verb of fighting/clashing.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

कुञ्जरैः (kuñjaraiḥ) - elephants (as instruments or opponents) (by elephants, with elephants)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant

Note: Used in a context of fighting "against" or "with".

हयाः (hayāḥ) - cavalry, warhorses (horses)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse, steed

Root: hi (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'samājagmuḥ'.

हयैः (hayaiḥ) - horses (as opponents) (by horses, with horses)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse, steed

Root: hi (class 3)

Note: Used in a context of fighting "against" or "with".

समाजग्मुः (samājagmuḥ) - they clashed (in battle) (they came together, they met, they encountered)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of samāgam

Perfect 3rd person plural of sam-ā-√gam

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

पादाताः (pādātāḥ) - foot soldiers, infantry

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pādāta

pādāta - foot soldier, infantry

Derived from pada (foot)

Note: Subject of an implied verb 'samājagmuḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पदातिभिः (padātibhiḥ) - by foot soldiers, with foot soldiers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of padāti

padāti - foot soldier, infantry

Note: Used in a context of fighting "against" or "with".

संसक्ताः (saṁsaktāḥ) - entangled in combat (engaged, attached, connected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃsakta

saṁsakta - attached, connected, engaged, clinging, adhering

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √sañj (saṃ-sañj)

Prefix: sam

Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies yodhāḥ.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वियुक्ताः (viyuktāḥ) - separated from their units or specific opponents, or simply not actively engaged at the moment of falling (disengaged, separated, detached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viyukta

viyukta - disjoined, separated, deprived of, unyoked

Past Passive Participle

Derived from vi-√yuj (to separate, disjoin)

Prefix: vi

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies yodhāḥ.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter

Derived from √yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of sannyapatan.

सन्न्यपतन् (sannyapatan) - they fell dead or wounded (they fell down, they collapsed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sannyapat

Imperfect 3rd person plural of sam-ni-√pat

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, noise

Root: raṇ (class 1)