महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-162, verse-29

हस्तसंस्पर्शमापन्नान्परान्वाप्यथ वा स्वकान् ।
न्यपातयंस्तदा युद्धे नराः स्म विजयैषिणः ॥२९॥

29. hastasaṁsparśamāpannānparānvāpyatha vā svakān ,
nyapātayaṁstadā yuddhe narāḥ sma vijayaiṣiṇaḥ.

29. hastasaṃsparśam āpannān parān vā api atha vā svakān
nyapātayan tadā yuddhe narāḥ sma vijayaiṣiṇaḥ

29. tadā yuddhe vijayaiṣiṇaḥ narāḥ hastasaṃsparśam
āpannān parān vā atha vā svakān api nyapātayan sma

29. Then, in that battle, warriors intent on victory struck down opponents, or even their own kin, once they came within hand's reach.

Words meanings summery:

• हस्तसंस्पर्शम् (hastasaṁsparśam) - hand's reach, hand-to-hand combat (touch of hand, hand-to-hand contact)

• आपन्नान् (āpannān) - having come within (reach) (having reached, having attained, having fallen into)

• परान् (parān) - opponents, enemies (others, enemies, strangers)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• अथ (atha) - (conjunction, used with vā to mean "or") (then, now, thereupon)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• स्वकान् (svakān) - their own kin (one's own people, relatives)

• न्यपातयन् (nyapātayan) - they struck down (they caused to fall, they struck down, they threw down)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in that battle (in battle, in war)

• नराः (narāḥ) - warriors (men, warriors, human beings)

• स्म (sma) - (indicates past action with a present tense verb, or emphasizes a past tense verb) ((particle indicating past tense))

• विजयैषिणः (vijayaiṣiṇaḥ) - intent on victory (desiring victory, victorious)

Words meanings and morphology

हस्तसंस्पर्शम् (hastasaṁsparśam) - hand's reach, hand-to-hand combat (touch of hand, hand-to-hand contact)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hastasaṃsparśa

hastasaṁsparśa - touch of hand, physical contact

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hasta+saṃsparśa)

• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)
• saṃsparśa – touch, contact
  noun (masculine)
  From root √spṛś (to touch) with prefix sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'āpannān'.

आपन्नान् (āpannān) - having come within (reach) (having reached, having attained, having fallen into)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āpanna

āpanna - reached, attained, fallen into, overcome

Past Passive Participle

From root √āp (to obtain) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Refers to both 'parān' and 'svakān'.

परान् (parān) - opponents, enemies (others, enemies, strangers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, opposite, enemy, superior

Note: Object of 'nyapātayan'.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अथ (atha) - (conjunction, used with vā to mean "or") (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

स्वकान् (svakān) - their own kin (one's own people, relatives)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of svaka

svaka - one's own, peculiar, relative, friend

Possessive adjective/pronoun derived from 'sva'.

Note: Object of 'nyapātayan'.

न्यपातयन् (nyapātayan) - they struck down (they caused to fall, they struck down, they threw down)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect tense, Third person, Plural, Active voice (causative)

Causative form of root √pat (to fall) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'narāḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from 'tad' (that).

Note: Adverb of time.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in that battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (originally)

From root √yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Adverbial locative.

नराः (narāḥ) - warriors (men, warriors, human beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person, human being, warrior

Root: nṛ

Note: Subject of 'nyapātayan'.

स्म (sma) - (indicates past action with a present tense verb, or emphasizes a past tense verb) ((particle indicating past tense))

(indeclinable)

विजयैषिणः (vijayaiṣiṇaḥ) - intent on victory (desiring victory, victorious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vijayaiṣin

vijayaiṣin - desiring victory, wishing for triumph

Agent Noun (from √iṣ + vijaya)

Compound of 'vijaya' (victory) and 'eṣin' (desiring, from root √iṣ).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vijaya+eṣin)

• vijaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  From root √ji (to conquer) with prefix vi-.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ji (class 1)
• eṣin – desiring, seeking, wishing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root √iṣ (to wish, desire).
  Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying 'narāḥ'.