महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-146, verse-5

तान्दृष्ट्वा पततस्तूर्णं शैनेयः परवीरहा ।
प्रत्यगृह्णान्महाबाहुः प्रमुञ्चन्विशिखान्बहून् ॥५॥

5. tāndṛṣṭvā patatastūrṇaṁ śaineyaḥ paravīrahā ,
pratyagṛhṇānmahābāhuḥ pramuñcanviśikhānbahūn.

5. tān dṛṣṭvā patataḥ tūrṇam śaineyaḥ paravīrahā
pratyagṛhṇāt mahābāhuḥ pramuñcan viśikhān bahūn

5. tān tūrṇam patataḥ dṛṣṭvā paravīrahā mahābāhuḥ
śaineyaḥ bahūn viśikhān pramuñcan pratyagṛhṇāt

5. Having seen them swiftly attacking, Shaineya, the slayer of enemy heroes and mighty-armed warrior, countered them by releasing many arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - them, those (masculine)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• पततः (patataḥ) - attacking, falling, flying

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly, rapidly

• शैनेयः (śaineyaḥ) - Satyaki (son of Shinī) (Shaineya (Satyaki's patronymic))

• परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - slayer of enemy heroes

• प्रत्यगृह्णात् (pratyagṛhṇāt) - he repelled, he received, he countered

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed, strong-armed

• प्रमुञ्चन् (pramuñcan) - releasing, discharging, letting go

• विशिखान् (viśikhān) - arrows

• बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - them, those (masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root dṛś (class 1, 'to see').

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पततः (patataḥ) - attacking, falling, flying

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of patat

patat - falling, flying, attacking, rushing

present active participle

From root pat (class 1, 'to fall, fly, rush').

Root: pat (class 1)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly, rapidly

(indeclinable)

past passive participle (used as adverb)

Derived from root tvar ('to hurry, hasten'). Often used as an adverb.

Root: tvar (class 1)

शैनेयः (śaineyaḥ) - Satyaki (son of Shinī) (Shaineya (Satyaki's patronymic))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaineya

śaineya - descendant of Shinī; an epithet of Satyaki

Patronymic derived from Shinī.

परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - slayer of enemy heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīrahan

paravīrahan - slayer of hostile heroes, destroyer of enemy warriors

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (para+vīra+han)

• para – other, hostile, enemy
  adjective
• vīra – hero, warrior, valiant man
  noun (masculine)
• han – slaying, killing (agent suffix or nominal part)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root han ('to strike, kill').
  Root: han (class 2)

प्रत्यगृह्णात् (pratyagṛhṇāt) - he repelled, he received, he countered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratyagṛhṇāt

Imperfect 3rd Singular Active

From root grah (class 9, 'to seize, take') with prefix prati (meaning 'back, against').

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed, strong-armed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed (an epithet for powerful warriors)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

प्रमुञ्चन् (pramuñcan) - releasing, discharging, letting go

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pramuñcat

pramuñcat - releasing, discharging, emitting

present active participle

From root muc (class 6, 'to release, let go') with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: muc (class 6)

विशिखान् (viśikhān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of viśikha

viśikha - arrow, dart (literally 'headless' or 'pointless', referring to the shaft)

बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous, abundant