महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-146, verse-2

ते रथैः कल्पितै राजन्हेमरूप्यविभूषितैः ।
सादिभिश्च गजैश्चैव परिवव्रुः स्म सात्वतम् ॥२॥

2. te rathaiḥ kalpitai rājanhemarūpyavibhūṣitaiḥ ,
sādibhiśca gajaiścaiva parivavruḥ sma sātvatam.

2. te rathaiḥ kalpitaiḥ rājan hemarūpyavibhūṣitaiḥ
sādibhiḥ ca gajaiḥ ca eva parivavruḥ sma sātvatam

2. rājan te kalpitaiḥ hemarūpyavibhūṣitaiḥ rathaiḥ
ca sādibhiḥ ca eva gajaiḥ sātvatam parivavruḥ sma

2. O King, they surrounded the Sātvata (Satyaki) with well-equipped chariots, adorned with gold and silver, and also with horsemen and elephants.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they

• रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

• कल्पितैः (kalpitaiḥ) - by those equipped, arranged, prepared

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• हेमरूप्यविभूषितैः (hemarūpyavibhūṣitaiḥ) - by those adorned with gold and silver

• सादिभिः (sādibhiḥ) - by horsemen, cavalry

• च (ca) - and

• गजैः (gajaiḥ) - by elephants

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, even, only

• परिवव्रुः (parivavruḥ) - surrounded, encircled

• स्म (sma) - (indicates past tense)

• सात्वतम् (sātvatam) - (an epithet for Satyaki, belonging to the Satvata clan) (the Satvata)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, they

Masculine plural nominative of 'tad' (they).

रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Masculine plural instrumental.

Root: ram (class 1)

कल्पितैः (kalpitaiḥ) - by those equipped, arranged, prepared

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kalpita

kalpita - arranged, prepared, fashioned, equipped

Past Passive Participle

From root kḷp 'to arrange, prepare'. Masculine plural instrumental.

Root: kḷp (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Masculine singular vocative.

Root: rāj (class 1)

हेमरूप्यविभूषितैः (hemarūpyavibhūṣitaiḥ) - by those adorned with gold and silver

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hemarūpyavibhūṣita

hemarūpyavibhūṣita - adorned with gold and silver

Masculine plural instrumental. Compound adjective.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (heman+rūpya+vibhūṣita)

• heman – gold
  noun (neuter)
  Root: hī
• rūpya – silver
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rūp (class 10)
• vibhūṣita – adorned, decorated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhūṣ 'to adorn' with upasarga vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

सादिभिः (sādibhiḥ) - by horsemen, cavalry

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sādin

sādin - horseman, rider, cavalry

Masculine plural instrumental. From root sad 'to sit, go' with suffix -in.

Root: sad (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

गजैः (gajaiḥ) - by elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

Masculine plural instrumental.

Root: gaj (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, even, only

(indeclinable)

An emphatic particle.

परिवव्रुः (parivavruḥ) - surrounded, encircled

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of pari-vṛ

Perfect

3rd person plural perfect active. Root vṛ 'to choose, cover' with upasarga pari.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

स्म (sma) - (indicates past tense)

(indeclinable)

Used here with a perfect tense verb, it reinforces the past tense meaning.

सात्वतम् (sātvatam) - (an epithet for Satyaki, belonging to the Satvata clan) (the Satvata)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sātvata

sātvata - a descendant of Satvata, relating to Satvata, Satyaki

Masculine singular accusative.