महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-146, verse-48

द्रावयित्वा तु तत्सैन्यं धृष्टद्युम्नः प्रतापवान् ।
अत्यराजत तेजस्वी शक्रो देवगणेष्विव ॥४८॥

48. drāvayitvā tu tatsainyaṁ dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ pratāpavān ,
atyarājata tejasvī śakro devagaṇeṣviva.

48. drāvayitvā tu tat sainyaṃ dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ pratāpavān
ati arājata tejasvī śakraḥ devagaṇeṣu iva

48. tu pratāpavān tejasvī dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ tat sainyaṃ
drāvayitvā devagaṇeṣu śakraḥ iva ati arājata

48. Indeed, having routed that army, the mighty Dhṛṣṭadyumna shone exceedingly, brilliant like Śakra (Indra) among the hosts of gods.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रावयित्वा (drāvayitvā) - having caused to flee, having routed

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover

• तत् (tat) - that

• सैन्यं (sainyaṁ) - army, military force

• धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (a son of Drupada, commander of the Pāṇḍava army)

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, powerful, glorious

• अति (ati) - exceedingly, very, beyond

• अराजत (arājata) - he shone, he excelled

• तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - brilliant, radiant, splendid

• शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Śakra (Indra)

• देवगणेषु (devagaṇeṣu) - among the hosts of gods

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

द्रावयित्वा (drāvayitvā) - having caused to flee, having routed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the causative stem of root dru (द्राव्) + suffix -tvā.

Root: dru (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, it

Note: Agreement with `sainyaṃ`.

सैन्यं (sainyaṁ) - army, military force

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, military force, host of soldiers

Note: Object of `drāvayitvā`.

धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (a son of Drupada, commander of the Pāṇḍava army)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (proper name)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, powerful, glorious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - glorious, mighty, powerful, valorous

Formed with suffix -vat.

अति (ati) - exceedingly, very, beyond

(indeclinable)

Preverb or adverb.

Note: Acts as an intensifier for the verb.

अराजत (arājata) - he shone, he excelled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of rāj

Imperfect third person singular

Root rāj (भासे, to shine) in Atmanepada. Used with 'a-' augment for past tense.

Root: rāj (class 1)

तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - brilliant, radiant, splendid

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tejasvin

tejasvin - brilliant, luminous, energetic, splendid

Formed with suffix -vin.

शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Śakra (Indra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Śakra (a name for Indra), powerful, mighty

Root: śak

Note: In comparison with Dhṛṣṭadyumna.

देवगणेषु (devagaṇeṣu) - among the hosts of gods

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of devagaṇa

devagaṇa - hosts of gods, divine assembly

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+gaṇa)

• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – host, multitude, troop, assembly
  noun (masculine)

Note: Denotes the location for comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.