महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-146, verse-18

शैनेयस्तु रणे क्रुद्धस्तव पुत्रं महारथम् ।
सायकानामशीत्या तु विव्याधोरसि भारत ॥१८॥

18. śaineyastu raṇe kruddhastava putraṁ mahāratham ,
sāyakānāmaśītyā tu vivyādhorasi bhārata.

18. śaineyaḥ tu raṇe kruddhaḥ tava putraṃ mahāratham
sāyakānām aśītyā tu vivyādha urasi bhārata

18. bhārata tu raṇe kruddhaḥ śaineyaḥ aśītyā
sāyakānām tava mahāratham putraṃ urasi vivyādha

18. But Saineya (Satyaki), enraged in that battle, pierced your son, the great chariot-warrior (Duryodhana), in the chest with eighty arrows, O Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra).

Words meanings summery:

• शैनेयः (śaineyaḥ) - Saineya (Satyaki)

• तु (tu) - but, however (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• रणे (raṇe) - in the battle (in battle, in war)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry, furious)

• तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (your)

• पुत्रं (putraṁ) - son (Duryodhana) (son)

• महारथम् (mahāratham) - great chariot-warrior

• सायकानाम् (sāyakānām) - of arrows (indicating number with 'aśītyā') (of arrows)

• अशीत्या (aśītyā) - with eighty (arrows) (by eighty)

• तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (for emphasis) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (pierced, struck)

• उरसि (urasi) - in the chest (in the chest, on the breast)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

शैनेयः (śaineyaḥ) - Saineya (Satyaki)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaineya

śaineya - Saineya (a name for Satyaki)

A patronymic, referring to Satyaki, son of Śini.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तु (tu) - but, however (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to the previous event, showing a contrasting action.

रणे (raṇe) - in the battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Note: Locative of place.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry, furious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

From root √krudh 'to be angry'.

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Describes Saineya's state.

तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Possessive adjective for 'putraṃ'.

पुत्रं (putraṁ) - son (Duryodhana) (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of the verb 'vivyādha'.

महारथम् (mahāratham) - great chariot-warrior

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot-warrior, a hero fighting from a great chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, war-car
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Duryodhana, agreeing with 'putraṃ'.

सायकानाम् (sāyakānām) - of arrows (indicating number with 'aśītyā') (of arrows)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, bolt

From root √sī 'to bind' or √san 'to gain'.

Note: Genitive of specification, used with 'aśītyā'.

अशीत्या (aśītyā) - with eighty (arrows) (by eighty)

(numeral)

Note: Instrumental indicating the means.

तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (for emphasis) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction for emphasis.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (pierced, struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vyadh

Root: vyadh (class 4)

उरसि (urasi) - in the chest (in the chest, on the breast)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of uras

uras - chest, breast, heart

Note: Locative of place.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - a descendant of Bharata, a native of India

A common address in the Mahabharata, here referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

Note: Vocative address.