महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-118, verse-47

भवितव्यं च यद्भावि दैवं चेष्टयतीव च ।
सोऽयं हतो विमर्देऽस्मिन्किमत्राधर्मचेष्टितम् ॥४७॥

47. bhavitavyaṁ ca yadbhāvi daivaṁ ceṣṭayatīva ca ,
so'yaṁ hato vimarde'sminkimatrādharmaceṣṭitam.

47. bhavitavyam ca yat bhāvi daivam ceṣṭayati iva ca saḥ
ayam hataḥ vimarde asmin kim atra adharmaceṣṭitam

47. yat ca bhavitavyaṃ bhāvi,
daivam iva ceṣṭayati ca.
saḥ ayam asmin vimarde hataḥ.
atra kim adharmaceṣṭitam?

47. And whatever is destined to occur, fate (daiva) itself makes it happen, as if directing it. I have been struck down in this conflict; what unrighteous act (dharma) is there in this?

Words meanings summery:

• भवितव्यम् (bhavitavyam) - what is to be, what must happen, destiny

• च (ca) - and

• यत् (yat) - which, that

• भावि (bhāvi) - future, what will be, destined

• दैवम् (daivam) - fate, destiny, divine influence

• चेष्टयति (ceṣṭayati) - causes to act, makes to strive, operates, directs

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

• च (ca) - and

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अयम् (ayam) - referring to the speaker, Bhīṣma (this (one))

• हतः (hataḥ) - struck down, killed, incapacitated

• विमर्दे (vimarde) - in conflict, in battle, in struggle

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• किम् (kim) - what, why, whether

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

• अधर्मचेष्टितम् (adharmaceṣṭitam) - an act against natural law (dharma), unrighteous action

Words meanings and morphology

भवितव्यम् (bhavitavyam) - what is to be, what must happen, destiny

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhavitavya

bhavitavya - what must be, destined, future

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhū' (to be) with suffix 'tavya'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

भावि (bhāvi) - future, what will be, destined

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhāvin

bhāvin - future, existing, that which will be

Future Participle

Derived from root 'bhū' (to be) with suffix 'in'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

दैवम् (daivam) - fate, destiny, divine influence

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - relating to gods, divine, fate, destiny

चेष्टयति (ceṣṭayati) - causes to act, makes to strive, operates, directs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of ceṣṭaya

Causative

Derived from root 'ceṣṭ' (to move, strive) with suffix 'ṇic'.

Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

अयम् (ayam) - referring to the speaker, Bhīṣma (this (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

हतः (hataḥ) - struck down, killed, incapacitated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - struck, killed, destroyed, incapacitated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with suffix 'kta'.

Root: han (class 2)

विमर्दे (vimarde) - in conflict, in battle, in struggle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vimarda

vimarda - conflict, struggle, battle, crushing

Prefix: vi

Root: mṛd (class 9)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

किम् (kim) - what, why, whether

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

अधर्मचेष्टितम् (adharmaceṣṭitam) - an act against natural law (dharma), unrighteous action

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adharmaceṣṭita

adharmaceṣṭita - unrighteous act, action against natural law (dharma)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (a-dharma+ceṣṭita)

• a-dharma – unrighteousness, opposite of natural law (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
• ceṣṭita – action, deed, effort
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'ceṣṭ' (to move, act) with suffix 'kta'.
  Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)