महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-118, verse-31

संजय उवाच ।
तत उत्थाय शैनेयो विमुक्तः सौमदत्तिना ।
खड्गमादाय चिच्छित्सुः शिरस्तस्य महात्मनः ॥३१॥

31. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tata utthāya śaineyo vimuktaḥ saumadattinā ,
khaḍgamādāya cicchitsuḥ śirastasya mahātmanaḥ.

31. saṃjaya uvāca tataḥ utthāya śaineyaḥ vimuktaḥ saumadattinā
khaḍgam ādāya cicchitsuḥ śiraḥ tasya mahātmanaḥ

31. saṃjaya uvāca tataḥ saumadattinā vimuktaḥ śaineyaḥ
utthāya khaḍgam ādāya tasya mahātmanaḥ śiraḥ cicchitsuḥ

31. Sanjaya said: Then, Śaineya (Satyaki), having been released by Saumadatti (Bhurishravas), rose up. Taking his sword, he desired to cut off the head of that great-souled one (ātman) (Bhurishravas).

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

• उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

• शैनेयः (śaineyaḥ) - Satyaki (grandson of Śini) (Śaineya (son of Śini))

• विमुक्तः (vimuktaḥ) - released, freed, liberated

• सौमदत्तिना (saumadattinā) - by Bhurishravas, who was the son of Somadatta (by Saumadatti (son of Somadatta))

• खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized

• चिच्छित्सुः (cicchitsuḥ) - desiring to cut, wishing to cut off

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• तस्य (tasya) - of Bhurishravas (his, of that)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled Bhurishravas (of the great-souled one, of the noble-minded)

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect tense (lit)

Root 'vac' in perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ut'.

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

शैनेयः (śaineyaḥ) - Satyaki (grandson of Śini) (Śaineya (son of Śini))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaineya

śaineya - son of Śini, a patronymic for Satyaki

Derived from 'Śini' (name of a Yadava chief).

विमुक्तः (vimuktaḥ) - released, freed, liberated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vimukta

vimukta - released, freed, discharged

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'muc' (to release) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

सौमदत्तिना (saumadattinā) - by Bhurishravas, who was the son of Somadatta (by Saumadatti (son of Somadatta))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saumadatti

saumadatti - descendant of Somadatta, a patronymic for Bhurishravas

Derived from 'Somadatta' (name of a king).

खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword, rhinoceros

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'dā' (to give, take) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

चिच्छित्सुः (cicchitsuḥ) - desiring to cut, wishing to cut off

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cicchitsu

cicchitsu - desiring to cut, wishing to cut

Desiderative Participle

Desiderative stem of root 'chid' (to cut).

Root: chid (class 7)

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak

तस्य (tasya) - of Bhurishravas (his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled Bhurishravas (of the great-souled one, of the noble-minded)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, highly endowed with (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual soul (ātman)
  noun (masculine)